Influencia de los factores psicosociales en la adherencia al tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 y 2

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease with complex management, is influenced not only by biological factors but also by psychosocial factors. Identifying these factors and their role in treatment adherence, glycemic control, and the quality of life of patients with diabetes is crucial for improving its management. Objective: Describe the influence of psychosocial factors on treatment adherence in diabetes mellitus through a comprehensive review of scientific literature. Methodology: Narrative literature review, using the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Latindex. Studies focusing on diabetes mellitus, examining the relationship between one or more psychosocial factors and diabetes management, and providing sufficient data to evaluate the outcomes of interest will be included. Results: Psychosocial factors, such as depression and stress, significantly impact treatment adherence in diabetes mellitus. Depressive symptoms triple the likelihood of nonadherence, while social support enhances glycemic control. On the other hand, diabetic complications affect the quality of life, regardless of treatment policies. Conclusion: Psychosocial factors play a crucial role in the management and treatment of diabetes mellitus. Depression and stress can reduce treatment adherence, while social support can enhance it. Complications arising from diabetes impact the quality of life, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive and multidisciplinary care.