Manejo de arritmias en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis

Abstract

Hemodialysis is an effective treatment that helps control blood pressure and compensate for important minerals in the bloodstream of a patient diagnosed with chronic kidney disease; However, this population group also denotes its significant vulnerability to developing certain cardiovascular complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, which not only condition the success of the procedure, but can also put the individual's survival at risk. Objective: To describe the current management based on scientific evidence of arrhythmias in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Methodology: This bibliographical review contemplates a search, analysis and synthesis process of different theoretical foundations, obtained from duly validated scientific information sources, which provide reliable support to achieve the established objectives. Results: Ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias are frequent disorders that appear in hemodialysis. The management of these conditions addresses continuous monitoring, synchronized electrical cardioversion, administration of calcium antagonists, anticoagulants, warfarin, amiodarone, acetylsalicylic acid and other antiarrhythmic drugs such as lidocaine and procainamide. Conclusion: Among the oral anticoagulants that are most frequently used to prevent such events are vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), such as warfarin, and those that are not antagonists or opposed to vitamin K (NOACs), such as apixaban., Dabigatran, Edoxaban and Rivaroxaban.