Necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico en adolescentes del colegio Gabriel Sanchez Luna de la parroquia Cojitambo - Azogues en el periodo 2017

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the need for orthodontic treatment in adolescents from 13 to 18 years of age of the Gabriel Sánchez Luna School, Cojitambo 2017. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The methodology used consisted of a cross-sectional and descriptive survey, applied in a total of 140 patients from 13 to 18 years old, of which 50% corresponded to the male sex and 50% to the female sex; To determine the prevalence of malocclusion, a visual clinical examination was performed to obtain the data required by means of the Dental Aesthetic Index DAI. RESULTS: In the need for orthodontic treatment it was observed that there was a higher prevalence of adolescents with mild malocclusion with 37.14%, unlike the very severe malocclusion with 12.86%. In relation to sex and age with the need for mandatory orthodontic treatment, the female sex as well as the ages of 13 to 15 years were the most affected since they had a higher percentage with 10% and 9.29% respectively, in relation to sex male and of the age of 16 to 18 years, who presented 2.86% and 3.57% respectively. In relation to sex and age with affected occlusal features, all had a higher prevalence of involvement in the anterior overjet in the maxilla. CONCLUSIONS We observed a higher prevalence of adolescents who had a normal occlusion without the need of orthodontic treatment and the one with the lowest prevalence were adolescents with very severe malocclusion with the need for compulsory treatment, the results being similar according to age and sex.