Proceso de atención de enfermería en el síndrome de hellp

Abstract

The pathology of hellp syndrome (HS) is a complication that manifests itself during pregnancy due to hemolysis, which is the increase of liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of HS, risk factors, complications that occur in pregnant women, the management of HS, and finally nursing care in the face of this pathology. Methodology: A literature review study, which was carried out in scientific databases such as Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, Z-library articles, Medigraphic, Scielo. Health Sciences Descriptors was used. Results: The worldwide prevalence of (SH) Paraguay with 14.2 %, Peru 9.7 %, Mexico 2.20 %, Argentina 1.5 %. Risk factors are twin pregnancy, preeclampsia, family history, acute renal disease, multiparous, arterial hypertension, obesity, age over 35 years and under 20 years, primigravidae. Complications include massive hemorrhage, placental abruption, heart failure, septic shock, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, retinal detachment, tubular necrosis, diabetes insipidus, hepatic hemorrhage. Therapeutic management consists of administering dexamethasone, magnesium sulfate, transfusion of platelet components, administration of electrolytes, computed tomography studies, abdominal ultrasound should also be performed. Conclusions: Nursing care is an essential role in the care of the human being since they are the first link in receiving the patient accompanying her before, during, and after delivery, their main function is to protect the health of the mother/neonate.