Efectos de la intervención nutricional en adultos mayores en Latinoamérica: Una revisión de alcance

Abstract

To explore the scientific literature on the effects of nutritional interventions in older adults in Latin America: a scoping review. The methodology was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, with inclusion and exclusion criteria defined across the SciELO, Latindex, LILACS, Dialnet, Redalyc, PubMed, and Mediagraphic databases. Twenty-two studies were selected that address how nutritional interventions improve nutritional status, muscle mass, and quality of life in older adults, particularly when combined with education, supplementation, and exercise. However, these findings have methodological limitations, including small sample sizes and a lack of standardization, which restrict the generalizability of the results and long-term evaluation. It is concluded that nutritional interventions among older adults in Latin America can improve nutritional status, function, and quality of life provided that they are implemented as components of an integrated approach that includes nutrition education, supplementation, and physical activity. Keywords: older adults; intervention; nutrition; quality; Latin America.