Avances en los enfoques terapéuticos para el tratamiento de la esclerosis múltiple: perspectivas actuales y futuras

Abstract

Background: multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which causes demyelination and neurodegeneration, can result in severe deterioration in both physical and cognitive functions. Objective: to describe advances in therapeutic approaches for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: current and future perspectives. Methodology: study with a qualitative, non experimental, narrative bibliographic approach, based on the review of sources of the different scientific databases, taking into account high impact articles present in digital platforms, linked to health, such as NCBI, Scielo, Science, Sciencedirect, Dialnet, Springerlink among others. The articles used were published from 2018 onwards, in Spanish and English as a priority. The searches were carried out with the help of keywords and Boolean operators AND and OR, guaranteed better results. Results: The literature review identified that the main therapeutic approaches used are glatiramer acetate, Interferon, Natalizumab, Fingolimod, Teriflunomida, natalizumab, fingolimod, rituximab, azathioprine, mitoxantrora, dimethylfumarate, cladribine, with different levels of efficacy. Few clinical trials were documented, which constitutes a limitation of the use of different therapeutic approaches in the management of multiple sclerosis. Conclusions: Limited and insufficient studies and research on effectiveness and safety of therapeutic approaches in the management of multiple sclerosis are a challenge and challenge for science