Correlación del índice glucosa-triglicéridos en la etnia Shuar de Morona Santiago 2018-2019

Abstract

Introduction: The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) has gained relevance as an accessible indicator for detecting insulin resistance, a central factor in the development of metabolic diseases. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the TyG index and the risk of such diseases in the Shuar population of Morona Santiago, during the years 2018-2019. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional, analytical, descriptive, and mixed-method study was conducted. A database of 300 individuals aged 18 to 65 years with a previous diagnosis of metabolic diseases was used. Variables such as age, sex, educational level, fasting glucose, and triglyceride levels were considered. The TyG index was calculated using the formula: In(glucose x triglycerides)/2. Results: The study showed a high prevalence of dysglycemia, with 48.33% of participants presenting prediabetes and 12.33% type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The TyG index showed a significant association in both disorders: for each increase in the index, the probability of prediabetes increased by 159 times (p<0.001), and in T2DM by 111 times (p<0.001). In addition, women showed a higher prevalence of metabolic disorders. Conclusions: It was concluded that the TyG index is a reliable and useful marker for the early detection of metabolic diseases in vulnerable populations. Its incorporation into public health programs can facilitate early diagnosis and guide preventive interventions in resource-limited communities.