Prevalencia y factores asociados a hiponatremia en adultos mayores con neomonía en el hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca enero - agosto 2017

Abstract

Background: Hyponatremia refers to a condition which occurs whenever the sodium level in the blood is abnormally low. When sodium levels fall, water levels in the body increase and cells tend to swell. This causes health problems, which go from mild to those that could threaten life. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with hyponatremia in elderly patients with pneumonia at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in the period January - August 2017. Methodology: A retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 135 inpatients hospitalized due to pneumonia at the Jose Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, from January to August 2017. Data were collected from their medical history. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS v19.0. Descriptive statistics and OR were used to evaluate the risk factors and Chi square for the relationship with the prevalence of hyponatremia. Results: Those of 80 years or more predominated, and slight of male patients, of the mestizo ethnic group and reside in urban areas mainly. The most frequent comorbidity was HBP. Most have therapy with antihypertensives and / or analgesics, 23% employ at least two types. Comorbidities and medications alone are not risk factors for developing hyponatremia. Conclusions: The Prevalence found was 34.8%, 76.6% had mild hyponatremia, 17% Moderate and 6.4% Severe and have multifactorial causes, the factors do not influence separately in these older adults.