Actualización en el manejo de la enfermedad arterial periférica: una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a pathology characterized by a substantial reduction in continuous arterial flow due to obstructive processes or narrowing of the arteries in the extremities. Over time, statistics show increasing incidence and prevalence rates, accompanied by two factors: the aging of the population and the rising prevalence of diabetes. In recent years, research has focused on potential therapeutic alternatives, including angiogenesis using nanoparticles, intravascular brachytherapy, and atherectomy combined with anti-stenotic therapy, compared to conventional measures already known. Materials and Methods: It is essential to analyze current evidence through a literature review, and the analysis of clinical studies in animals and humans collected more recently in databases such as PubMed, Springer, Cochrane, and Web of Science. The objective is to gather valuable information that facilitates a comprehensive analysis of new alternatives for treating peripheral arterial disease. Conclusion: The new therapeutic measures through various current approaches, including autologous mononuclear cells, growth factors, nanoparticle-guided gene therapies, and stem cells, are safe alternatives in which optimal molecular processes such as cellular regeneration, circulatory restoration, and angiogenesis have been demonstrated.