Prácticas utilizadas por los peritos psicólogos en la evaluación de la interferencia parental en el contexto forense.

Abstract

The involvement of forensic psychologists in judicial proceedings is essential for providing technical evidence that supports decision-making in family disputes. However, in Ecuador, there is limited systematization regarding the procedures used to assess parental interference, which may result in variability in the criteria and methodologies applied. This study aimed to explore the practices employed by forensic psychologists in the assessment of parental interference within the Ecuadorian forensic context. A qualitative research design was adopted, based on semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 forensic psychologists registered in the database of the Judicial Council, through thematic analysis, four major themes were identified: The protection of children and adolescents throughout the forensic assessment process through interview techniques and strategies aimed at safeguarding their rights; The methodological and ethical protection of the assessment process, including the prevention of suggestion, the triangulation of information, the comprehensive analysis of family relationships, and the control of evaluator bias; External pressures and loyalty conflicts encountered in forensic practice, associated with attempts to influence both children and adolescents and the evaluating professionals; and the application of professional knowledge within the judicial system, considering challenges related to continuing professional development, the reception and interpretation of forensic reports, and the technical and legal substantiation of expert conclusions. The findings reveal the implementation of strategies designed to safeguard the participation of children and adolescents while also highlighting limitations arising from the absence of standardized assessment protocols and institutional demands within the judicial system.