Enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman: Reporte de caso

Abstract

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a pathology that has not been extensively studied due to the low incidence of cases and its infrequent presentation, particularly in our country, Ecuador, where only one case has been reported. Therefore, presenting a detailed investigation encompassing the most relevant data on the process the patient underwent ―from the onset of symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, to their current status― represents a valuable contribution to the scientific community, as it will provide guidelines for the management of patients presenting with the same condition. In that vein, the case of a 23-year-old male patient with a classic presentation of RDD is presented. The patient noticed the presence of a mass located in the left cervico-lateral area approximately 5 years ago, which evolved, showing relevant symptoms such as increased size (adenomegaly), pain, erythema, and inflammation. This prompted him to seek private medical consultation where basic and serological examinations were performed, all of which were within their normal range. Subsequently, a lymphadenectomy was decided upon, since the adenopathy met the criteria for performing an excisional biopsy in order to rule out cellular malignancy; the definitive diagnosis based on the analysis of the laboratory results was the presence of RDD. This report allows for a better understanding of one of the different clinical forms of the disease, the sequence of decisions that were made in accordance with the progress of the case, and a brief comparison between the existing literature and the findings of this investigation.