Manejo clínico – quirúrgico actualizado del pie diabético. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: in recent years, Diabetes Mellitus has been seen as one of the main morbidity and mortality problems worldwide according to the WHO, due to the multiple consequences it causes in diabetic patients, with diabetic foot being one of its causes. most relevant complications, which requires special care by health personnel because it can cause amputation of the affected limb. Currently, there are multiple clinical/surgical treatments for the diabetic foot, therefore, it is important to know the updates on patient well-being. Methods: it is a narrative literature review study of scientific articles consulting the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Scielo, Science Direct, Uptodate, Sochob, MedScape, published from 2019-2023, in Spanish and English, using the PRISMA strategy. . The abstracts and complete articles were verified, considering studies that included trials about the current clinical-surgical management in patients with diabetic foot. Results: 48 articles were evaluated, which compiled important information about the most frequent risk factors for the appearance of diabetic foot ulcers, complications, as well as surgical clinical management. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, considered the fourth cause of death in America, with diabetic foot being one of its most serious complications. Among the risk factors are previous amputation, smoking, decreased joint mobility, foot deformities, elevated plantar pressure, calluses.