Aspectos éticos de la inteligencia artificial en la toma de decisiones clínicas. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: Artificial intelligence is applied in many medical fields, such as healthcare, teaching, research, and management, simplifying processes and producing accurate medicine. However, artificial intelligence application deals with ethical principles, dilemmas, and ethical challenges that must be considered when making clinical decisions. Objective: Describe the ethical aspects, dilemmas, and challenges of artificial intelligence in medicine for clinical decision-making. Methodology: The following study involves a narrative literature review, in which an exhaustive search for articles related to ethical aspects of artificial intelligence will be conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: The results provide an overview of the history of AI, its relationship with medicine, and its different current applications and ethical aspects. In addition, an analysis of the findings of the ten articles selected for the study is performed. Conclusion: The effectiveness of implementing artificial intelligence in clinical decision-making is highlighted, as it has been evidenced that it offers many benefits since its implementation —in diagnostics and treatments—. However, its application in clinical decision-making has triggered a worldwide ethical controversy due to the lack of privacy, security, and patient anonymity. For this reason, medical ethics education adapted to technological developments is now being proposed.