Intervención de enfermería en la mujer mastectomizada con linfedema

Abstract

Post-mastectomy lymphedema is a complication resulting from the removal of the breast and lymph node territories, a chronic disease that is incorporated with several negative outcomes of women who have suffered breast cancer, influencing their quality of life, their physical, psychological and emotional well-being, this is located among the most serious complications resulting from lymphatic damage. Objective: To analyze the existing literature on lymphedema in mastectomized women through guiding research questions. Methodology: It is a literature review study of narrative type in the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid, Springer Link, ProQuest, Taylor & Francis, The Reference, Pubmed, Redalyc, Scielo, the inclusion criteria were: field articles, scientific papers in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Results: The prevalence of lymphedema is reflected in patients with age >50 years, with a prevalence in Brazil of 55%, in Mexico of 32.63%, in the Oncology Unit of Solca del Chimborazo in Ecuador with 13.5%, the associated factors were treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and overweight, the nursing intervention consists of a series of preventive measures such as compression sleeves in which no patient developed lymphedema. Conclusions: Lymphedema develops more in Latin American countries with 32.6% to 55% and in European countries with 17.1% to 23.9, this pathology is reflected in patients with age >50 years, this is more affected in patients with overweight and obesity. Keywords: lymphedema, mastectomy, cancer, nursing, prevalence.