Prevalencia del Síndrome de Fragilidad y su relación con enfermedades crónicas osteomusculares en adultos mayores del CRIE del IESS-Azogues. Noviembre 2019 - julio 2020

Abstract

Background: Most older adults are considered fragile beings, part of the old workforce that currently only reports expenses and no benefits, becoming dependent people to carry out their activities; reality that is mainly reflected in non-institutionalized older adults. Objective: To determine the prevalence of the fragility syndrome and its relationship with chronic musculoskeletal diseases in adults over 65 years of age who attend the IESS Specialized Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center in the city of Azogues. Methodology: A quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 220 older adults who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fried's criteria were used to assess this syndrome, through a questionnaire duly validated by the same author. The data were tabulated in the SPSS v. 21. For the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics was used and for the associations, the 2 x 2 analysis, considering the OR, the 95% CI and (p) with statistical significance <0.05. Results: The prevalence of frailty syndrome was 22.7%, the female sex predominated 64.1%, ages between 65 - 74 years 76.8%, married civil status 60.5%, urban area 78.2% , lives with his family 55% and retired employment 58.2%; the most frequent osteomuscular disease is osteoarthritis 36.5%; there are statistically significant differences between age and frailty (OR = 16.13; CI = 5.01 - 51.9; p = <0.05); and musculoskeletal disease and frailty (OR = 3.18; CI = 1.45 - 6.98; p <0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence was 22.7% and there is a statistically significant difference between age and frailty, likewise, between musculoskeletal diseases and frailty.