Eficacia de los tratamientos derivados del extracto de melaleuca versus otros tratamientos para la blefaritis por demodex: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Demodex blepharitis is a chronic ophthalmological condition characterized by inflammation of the eyelid margins. Although many people with Demodex mites are asymptomatic, conventional treatments include pharmacological and hygiene measures. Objective: To determine the efficacy of melaleuca extract treatment compared with other treatments for Demodex blepharitis. Methods: This review used the PRISMA 2020 methodology, including IT B, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to ensure reliable results, and 1.0 (RoB 1) tool to assess the risk of bias. Results: Melaleuca extract used in Demodex blepharitis has been shown to reduce clinical manifestations. However, it is not considered a replacement for conventional antibiotics, as these are still essential in cases requiring timely and rapid intervention to prevent bacterial proliferation. This oil, complemented with antibiotics, offers an alternative to reduce inflammation and combat various microorganisms. It is crucial to assess patients on an individual basis. Conclusion: Melaleuca extract demonstrated efficacy in reducing symptoms of Demodex blepharitis, such as itching, burning, and dry eyes, enhancing traditional therapies. Compared to treatments like ivermectin and metronidazole, it is more competitive even though, in some cases, it shows higher eradication rates. Its favorable safety profile and minor side effects make it ideal for patients seeking lower-risk therapeutic options. In addition to alleviating symptoms, it improves emotional well-being and functionality, making it a practical option for managing this condition. Keywords: visual acuity, corneal crosslinking, keratoconus