Actualización, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico, tratamiento y complicaciones de Dermatitis Atópica. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Abstract: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing, and inflammatory skin pathology manifested by intense pruritus. After repetitive scratching, eczematization of the skin occurs, which can lead to lichenification. It is among the first ten reasons for dermatological consultation; it has a prevalence of 10 to 20% in childhood, 90% of which debut before the age of 5 years, and 3% in adults. Objective: To describe the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and complications of atopic dermatitis. Methodology: The research is descriptive and explanatory; a systematic review based on the PRISMA 2020 method was conducted. Articles in English and Spanish published in the last five years related to atopic dermatitis were employed, except for one article from 2010, due to the quality of its information. Papers published before 2017, studies not found in the selected databases, and duplicate studies were excluded. Literature comprising undergraduate or graduate theses, conference proceedings, reports, projects, literature reviews, or meta-analyses were not included. Results: In the scientific databases, 105 articles were obtained; 70 were discarded, and finally, 35 articles met the inclusion criteria, and 12 were utilized for the discussion