Anticoncepción en mujeres fumadoras

Abstract

Introduction: Smoking among women is a latent problem, especially when they choose to use contraceptive methods. Therefore, medical personnel advise quitting smoking if safe contraceptive methods are used, mainly when hormones are combined. Literature Review: The objective of this research was to determine the appropriate contraceptive method for women who smoke. The methodology used was a literature review with a non-experimental design and descriptive scope. Databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar, Redalyc, and Scopus were searched, and 39 relevant articles were selected using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. It became evident that smoking is a chronic disease classified as a mental disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Contraception, influenced by women's health and preferences, offers multiple methods such as barrier, hormonal, natural, and sterilization. The combination of hormonal contraceptives and smoking increases the risk of thrombosis and cervical and breast cancer. The appropriate contraceptive method for women who smoke is the one that contains progestin. Conclusions: It is concluded that the appropriate contraceptive method for women who smoke is progestin-only contraception, specifically 4mg drospirenone.