“Anatomía dental interna en premolares superiores e inferiores mediante la técnica de diafanización dental”

Abstract

Objective: To describe the internal dental anatomy in upper and lower premolars using the diaphanization technique. Materials and Methods: The methodology was descriptive, observational, laboratory design, and cross-sectional. For the internal anatomy analysis, 216 samples were obtained from the group of extracted human first and second premolars, both upper and lower, to be diaphanized through the Robertson technique (2019). The duct typology and ramifications were analyzed according to Vertucci, Pucci, and Reig's ducts codification. A digital microscope (Dino-lite digital microscope) was used for the analyses. Results: There was a higher prevalence of upper first premolars with type I (46%.25), significantly exceeding type V (22.50%) and type IV (15%), as well as in the group of lower first premolars, type I (75%) had a high percentage, followed by type IV (16.18%), while in upper second premolars, the most prevalent was the type I (66.67%) followed by type V (22.22%). On the other hand, in the group of lower second premolars, type I prevailed with 90.63%, followed by type V (9.38%). Regarding ramifications, it was observed that 34% presented secondary ramifications, followed by accessory ramifications with 19%. Conclusion: The configuration of the root system in premolars is complicated by its disposition, course, and presence of important morphological variations and ramifications. The diaphanization technique provides extensive three-dimensional information on the internal anatomy, identifying the root systems.