Pericarditis constrictiva calcificada con trombosis de vena cava superior y vena innominada. Reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction: Constrictive pericarditis is a disease characterized by diastolic dysfunction caused by pericardial stiffness secondary to chronic fibrosis. Along with thrombosis of the superior vena cava and the innominate vein, it is a clinically rare condition underreported in the scientific literature. Its diagnosis is complex and includes the use of multiple examinations. The treatment of choice is surgical, in addition to the use of adjuvant therapy. Case Presentation: A 59-year-old female patient of mestizo ethnicity presented with progressive edema of the lower limbs, dyspnea on slight exertion, and neck edema. Imaging studies revealed suggestive data of pericardial calcification around the cardiac silhouette. During surgery, a pericardial thickness of 1.8 cm in diameter was identified, with 90% of the area calcified and thrombi at the superior vena cava and innominate vein level. An individualized surgical procedure was performed, achieving a high success rate. Conclusion: This case report presents a clinical and therapeutic challenge of calcified constrictive pericarditis with superior vena cava and innominate vein thrombosis due to its high risk of morbidity and mortality. Knowing the main clinical manifestations is important for timely intervention and improve prognosis.