Pancreatitis secundaria a la Colangiopancreatografía Retrógrada Endoscópica

Abstract

Introduction: Pancreatitis is a worldwide public health problem, classified as the main complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Literature Review: Acute pancreatitis is a widespread inflammatory pathology and is one of the most common causes of hospitalization. According to the revised classification of the Atlanta international consensus, to consider acute pancreatitis, there must be ≥ 2 of the following parameters: abdominal pain post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, serum amylase and/or lipase ≥3 times the upper standard limit after 24 hours of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and/or an abdominal CT scan with findings compatible with acute pancreatitis. Likewise, incidence is high, ranging from 5% to 10%, and mortality ranges from 0.3 to 1% during the first 30 days. Regarding risk factors, there are more reported cases in the female sex. In addition, the most frequent age is between 30 and 40 years, especially those who report a history of pancreatitis, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and obstruction of the biliary tree. Regarding the treatment, the use of drugs such as sublingual nitrates, nafamostat mesylate, rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and the placement of pancreatic stents has been seen to have a favorable response for acute pancreatitis. Conclusion: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is one of the most common complications. However, due to medical advances, favorable results can be achieved with the correct management.