Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Medicina
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/89
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Examinando Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Medicina por Asesores "Crespo Domínguez, Juan Sebastián"
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Eficacia del lecanamab versus donanemab en el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer: revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2025) Vera Siguenza, Juan Sebastián; Crespo Domínguez, Juan Sebastián; 0105458970Background: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neuropathology that affects memory and cognitive abilities. This condition is considered the most common type of dementia, and among the drugs under study are lecanemab and donanemab. Objective: This study aimed to identify the efficacy of Lecanemab versus Donanemab in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: A systematic review included articles published in medical databases such as SpringerLink, PubMed, Scopus, and Elsevier. Keywords were used as search descriptors, and Boolean operators were applied to optimize search results. A screening of the articles was conducted. The PRISMA 2020 statement was followed, and a quality assessment of the studies and risk of bias analysis was performed. Results: A total of seven clinical trials meeting the predefined objectives of this research were included. All studies provided high-quality information. Donanemab showed a 36% disease-slowing rate, with adverse effects occurring in 15% to 20% of cases. Meanwhile, lecanemab demonstrated a 32.5% disease-slowing rate, with adverse effects reported in 15% to 27% of cases. Conclusions: The efficacy of both drugs showed advantages in slowing disease and reducing amyloid plaque, using lecanemab and donanemab. The most notable adverse effects included dizziness, falls, microhemorrhages, and very low fatality rates. Keywords: amyloid, donanemab, Alzheimer's disease, lecanemab, mental disordersÍtem Acceso Abierto Factores de riesgo y diagnóstico de epilepsia en adolescentes. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Loaiza Orozco, Pedro Cirio; Crespo Domínguez, Juan Sebastián; 0707052577Epilepsy is a disorder caused by abnormal discharges in neurons; it is associated with risk factors such as a family history of epilepsy, cranioencephalic trauma, electrolyte imbalance, preeclampsia, and birth asphyxia. Worldwide prevalence affects 0.5-1% of the population, with a higher incidence in males. Data reveal that approximately 30% of this prevalence falls within the 10 to 25 years age range, with 75% of cases presenting before age 20. In Ecuador, epilepsy prevalence is 7 to 12 cases per 1,000 inhabitants, with concerns about its rising incidence. Objective: To analyze the risk factors and updated diagnostic methods for adolescent epilepsy. Methodology: A systemic, descriptive review using a qualitative and quantitative approach was conducted in SciELO, PudMed, Medigraphic, the Spanish Society of Neurology (SEN by its Spanish acronym), and Scopus databases it selected 25 scientific articles published in the last 5 years, according to the eligibility criteria using the PRISMA 2020 guide. Results: The most frequent risk factors were premature birth at 64.28%, asphyxia at birth at 50%, heredofamilial history of epilepsy at 42.85%, and neonatal hypoglycemia at 42.85%, among others; on the other hand, new diagnostic methods include genetic studies, stereotactic electroencephalography, and voxel-based magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusions: Epilepsy has become a significant health issue, with neonatal risk factors being crucial to its development; new efficient diagnostic methods facilitate identifying and treating this pathology. Keywords: adolescents, epilepsy, risk factors, diagnosis
