Envíos recientes
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
Terapia profiláctica medicamentosa en abuso sexual
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Manzano Merchán , Luis Daniel; Dominguez Villizhanay, Juan Diego; 0104389234
Background: Sexual abuse is a significant concern in society and, due to its incidence, victims require prophylactic drug treatment to prevent specific diseases such as Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Human papillomavirus (HPV), Syphilis, Gonorrhea, among others, under the supervision of health professionals to reduce risks and side effects.
Objective: To describe prophylactic drug treatment in patients who have experienced sexual abuse.
Methodology: The research consisted of a literature review on sexual abuse and the drugs used to contrast any sexually transmitted condition that may lead to such abuse. For this reason, the study used scientific databases and clinical care guides. Considering a research interval of the last five years and as search strategies, the terms sexual abuse, prophylactic therapy, drug therapy, and treatment, 36 articles were included for analysis.
Results: Thirty-six studies were identified and categorized by year, authorship, and language.
Conclusion: Prophylactic drug therapies in the comprehensive care of sexual abuse victims aim to prevent physical illness within an interdisciplinary approach always, with the informed consent of the victim, thus ensuring sensitive and effective care that meets their needs.
Ítem
Embargo
Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Maldonado Garate, María Emilia; Vásquez Palacios, Ana Cristina; 0105777296
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
Efectos de los fitoestrógenos de la alfalfa en la ovulación de las cobayas
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Párraga Mieles, Andrés Marcelo; Bravo Alvarez, María Ximena; 0104653241
This study investigated how phytoestrogens present in the diet affect estrogen levels in guinea pigs. The results presented interesting data on phytoestrogens in the balance of guinea pigs through two treatments and a control. It was concluded that phytoestrogens do not cause a significant decrease in estrogen levels in these small rodents. Phytoestrogens are natural compounds in certain plant foods; it has been speculated that they could affect animal hormone levels. This specific research, however, challenges that aforementioned belief. Blood samples from guinea pigs exposed to different concentrations of phytoestrogens were evaluated, and their estrogen levels were measured, resulting in no significance in the use of exclusive alfalfa diets (T1) and exclusive balanced feed (T2). However, there was significance in the use of mixed feeding (T3). The results suggest that, although there were some differences in the size of secondary follicles between treatments, there were no statistically significant differences in other parameters analyzed, such as the size of primordial follicles and eggs, nor in the correlation between the number of eggs and blood estradiol levels. This has important implications for the breeding and management of these animals, especially in environments where foods rich in phytoestrogens are used.
Keywords
Guinea pigs; phytoestrogens; alfalfa; estradiol
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
Relación del estrés con la inmunosupresión en Adultos. Revisión sistemática
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cordero Nieto, Felipe Andrés; González Zumba, Fabián Orlando; 0107135865
The biological foundations of stress represent a broad subject of study currently under continuous investigation. For this reason, psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology emerged as an interdisciplinary field dedicated mainly to investigating psychological stress's systemic impact. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the physiological bases of stress and its relationship with immunosuppression in adults to understand the joint interaction of the psychological area and the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Methodology: A search and analysis of scientific literature published in the last five years, in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases was performed, selecting original articles, case studies, and empirical research. Results: During an emotional stress stimulus, significant biochemical changes occur in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the autonomic nervous system, and the immune system, manifested through systemic biomarkers. Chronic stress generates a pathological response in these systems due to an alteration in the response threshold, known as allostasis. Conclusions: It has been demonstrated that stress stimuli trigger psychological, neurological, endocrine, and immunological responses, which continue to be subjects of extensive study and investigation due to their complexity. Immunosuppression is directly related to chronic stress stimulus due to the various biomarkers produced.
Keywords: psychological stress, immunosuppression (physiology), psychoneuroimmunology, allostasis
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
Evaluación de la eficacia del tratamiento con yodo radiactivo en el cáncer de tiroides papilar.
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Reinoso Parra, Marilyn Rosario; Buenaño Rodríguez, Christian Eduardo; 0302685458
Background: Papillary carcinoma is a heterogeneous neoplasm in thyroid follicular cells. According to the Global Cancer Observatory, 821,214 new cases were diagnosed worldwide, and 47,507 cases of mortality with female predominance. Multifactorial etiology includes hormonal factors (estrogens), environmental factors due to exposure to ionizing radiation, and genetic factors associated with different genetic mutations: in papillary carcinoma: BRAF V600E and RAS; in medullary carcinoma: RET; in follicular carcinoma: RAS and NRAS; and in anaplastic carcinoma: TERT. Treatment for this pathology is considered partial thyroidectomy or lobectomy, total + radical thyroidectomy, or therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Lenvantinib, Cabozantinib). Chemotherapy and radioactive iodine therapy are not considered treatments. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of radioactive iodine therapy on recurrence in post-surgery papillary thyroid cancer. Methodology: A descriptive literature review is conducted; the methodology employed will be the PRISMA 2020 method, which covers training in the last five years. It will rely on search engines and scientific databases: PubMed (using MeSH), SciELO, Web of Science, Elsevier, Redalyc, and Taylor & Francis, using specific words in English and Spanish. Results: Through the research, a general analysis is estimated to assess the effectiveness of focusing on the treatment with radioactive iodine, improving patients' quality of life.
Keywords: effectiveness, iodine isotopes, thyroid neoplasia, treatment.
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
Amputación infracondilea transfemoral en adolescente con diagnóstico de osteosarcoma
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Segarra Parapi, Paola Michelle; Chillogalli Farez, Jonnathan Bayron; Puente Arroyo, Anita del Carmen; 0106803018; 0105671135
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with a high incidence during childhood and adolescence, with important prevalence and incidence figures worldwide. It requires a multidisciplinary trained team in the timely identification of needs and prevention of complications, and the participation of nursing professionals is of great relevance. Objective: To determine the role of nursing professionals in the holistic care of osteosarcoma. Methodology: The analysis of a clinical case was carried out. Presentation of the clinical case: A 13-year-old female patient, with a history of osteosarcoma who underwent a supracondylar transfemoral amputation reported hyporexia, neuropathic pain at the stump level, soft tumor in the pelvic region. For the last four days, she presented exacerbation along with anorexia, asthenia, and photophobia. Results: The nursing assessment showed the main diagnoses for which care plans were established: knowledge deficit, nutritional imbalance, reduced physical mobility, sleep disorders, chronic pain, body image disturbance, and ineffective coping mechanisms. Conclusion: The inclusion of the nursing role is crucial in the recovery process due to the daily closeness with not only the affected individuals but also their families. Critical points highlight the domain of care, its objectives framed in preventing complications, and the relevant educational domain after the application of high-impact surgical therapies such as amputation, considering that it most frequently affects vulnerable groups such as children and adolescents.
Keywords: Osteosarcoma, Amputation Stumps, Lower Limb, Adolescent, Chronic Pain.
Ítem
Embargo
Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Lazo Salcedo, Shalóm Natasha; Garzón Ordoñez, Sandra Tanayri; Culcay Villavicencio, Iván Patricio
Ítem
Embargo
Propóleo como alternativa para el tratamiento de mastitis subclínica bovina en la parroquia Cumbe
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Landi Santander, Johanna Patricia; Cuenca Condoy, Mercy del Cisne; 0105326375; Villa, Susana
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of propolis against the bacteria that cause subclinical bovine mastitis. The experiment was run in two phases. In the first phase, the propolis extract was obtained through the maceration method, using 90º alcohol as a solvent. In the second phase, bacteria were isolated and identified from raw milk samples from the Cumbe parish using the MALDI-TOF technique. Antibiogram disks impregnated with different concentrations of propolis were used to determine bacterial susceptibility. Statistical analysis used the Kruskal-Wallis test due to non-normality of the data. Eight bacteria were identified, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae as contagious microorganisms, and environmental type Pantoea agglomerans, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Arthrobacter gandavensis and Kluyvera cryocrescens were reported. The results showed widespread resistance to the antibiotics penicillin and doxycycline. However, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus warneri and Arthrobacter gandavensis showed susceptibility to propolis, with significant inhibition zones starting at 0.25 mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of propolis against S. aureus and S. agalactiae was determined at doses of 0.1 mL and 0.05 mL, respectively. The findings suggest that propolis could be an effective therapeutic alternative for the treatment of subclinical bovine mastitis, especially against certain pathogens resistant to conventional antibiotics, highlighting the urgent need to investigate new therapeutic options for this disease.
Key words: Bovine mastitis; etiology; propolis
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
La omisión del delito de deepfake en el código orgánico integral penal en Ecuador
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024-07-09) Arevalo Fernandez, Nathaly Lizbeth; Martínez Albornoz, Juan; 0104767090
The crime of deepfake involves creating and disseminating manipulated audiovisual content using artificial intelligence to fake individuals' identities. This research examines the lack of classification in the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP by its Spanish acronym). It focuses on violating the right to image, honor, dignity, and good name through the improper use of artificial intelligence, which negatively impacts the information holder.
Analyzing associated risks such as misinformation, fraud, and invasion of privacy, it explores relevant cases to illustrate the legal and ethical consequences, proposing that regulations should consider better control over the use of artificial intelligence. It is concluded that to combat this crime, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential, combining advances in artificial intelligence with a legal framework from the Comprehensive Organic Penal Code of Ecuador for greater public awareness. The crime of deepfake leads to violating the rights of the information's holder by the inappropriate use of Artificial Intelligence. Implementing specific laws that penalize the misuse of deepfakes is recommended.
Ítem
Acceso Abierto
El impacto de la inteligencia artificial en el derecho, el sistema judicial y la sociedad
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024-07-09) Idrovo Ochoa, Juan Andrés; Carpio Flores, Luis Manuel; 0105924864
This thesis explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) transformation in the legal
field, with a particular emphasis on the Ecuadorian environment. It analyses how AI
redefines legal practice, from routine task automation to its role in judicial decision making. It considers the current use of AI in law, its potential to improve efficiency and
accuracy, and the social and legal challenges involved in its implementation.
The research uses a mixed approach, incorporating qualitative and quantitative methods.
Legal professionals are surveyed to assess their knowledge and acceptance of AI, and
quantitative data is analyzed to understand the impact of AI on the efficiency and
accuracy of the judicial system.
A central component of the thesis is the analysis of AI ethics and regulation in law. It
examines the need for an adequate legal and regulatory framework, particularly in
Ecuador, to ensure responsible and ethical use of AI in the legal context.
The conclusions highlight the growing importance of AI in law and the need for
continued education and adaptation by legal professionals. It emphasizes the importance
of addressing ethical and regulatory challenges to ensure that the integration of AI into
the judicial system is beneficial and respectful of fundamental rights.
