En este servicio en línea podrá consultar los trabajos académicos y de investigación
producidos en los diferentes campus de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, en formato
digital: tesis, monografías, libros, artículos, etc.
Envíos recientes
Sensibilidad y especificidad de las escalas de predicción de RACE y CPSS. Revisión sistemática
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Cajas Yascaribay, Cristopher Damian; Torres Criollo, Larry Miguel; 0301952651
This study addresses the challenges of diagnosing ischemic stroke (AIS) in resource-limited clinical settings, where the Rapid Arterial Occlusion Evaluation (RACE) and Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) scales serve as essential tools. It aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of these two scales through a systematic review of recent studies. The methodology followed the PRISMA model, including clinical trials and observational studies published in English or Spanish. Results revealed notable variability: CPSS demonstrated greater consistency in sensitivity, while RACE excelled in specificity. The positive predictive value of CPSS ranged from 22% to 98%, while RACE's was between 28% and 93%. Regarding negative predictive value, RACE performed more uniformly (60%- 100%) than CPSS (23%- 96%). Likelihood ratios (LR) indicated that RACE might be more effective in excluding AIS in negative cases. In conclusion, while both scales have advantages, CPSS is more suitable for early detection due to its higher sensitivity. In contrast, RACE is more helpful in confirming suspected cases due to its specificity. Additional studies are recommended to standardize their use and assess their impact on clinical practice and long-term outcomes.
Keywords: CPSS, RACE, sensitivity, specificity, predictive value
Infecciones oportunistas que afectan a pacientes con trasplante de órganos. Revisión sistemática
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Romero Ávila, Luis Fernando; Pérez Ramírez, Jacinto Eugenio; 0301863569
Background: Opportunistic infections are conditions that cause complications in transplant patients, potentially leading to organ rejection or death. This systematic review aimed to analyze the infections most frequently affecting transplant patients and their treatment and prophylaxis. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive systematic review with a non-experimental design was focused on medical documents in English and Spanish from 2017 to 2024 in scientific databases such as PubMed, Taylor & Francis, Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, and Scopus. Literature reviews and scientific articles not corresponding to the years mentioned, those not in English or Spanish, and those on topics of no significant relevance were excluded. The information was organized using the Zotero reference manager and an Excel table. Results: The initial search resulted in 4,331 records in PubMed, 3,038 in Taylor & Francis, 2,194 in Web of Science, and 1,637 in SCOPUS, totaling 11,200 documents. After applying filters, 28 relevant articles were selected, ranging from Q1 to Q2, and rated as excellent according to the Pedro scale. Discussion: Based on the 28 reviewed articles, 26 authors discussed the primary transplants affected: liver, lung, heart, kidney, pancreas, and intestine, and all of them agreed on the microorganisms impacting each organ and the treatment and prophylaxis methods.
Keywords: opportunistic infections, transplant, post-transplant, treatment, prophylaxis
Tratamiento conservador versus tratamiento quirúrgico de la fractura de Colles. Revisión Sistemática.
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Ludizaca Quito, Jonnathan Josue; Capote Llenares, Miguel Ángel; 0302124805
Background: A Colles' fracture occurs at the distal end of the radius with dorsal comminution, dorsal angulation, dorsal displacement, radial shortening, and an associated fracture of the ulnar styloid process. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical signs, especially the characteristic "dinner fork" deformity. The most common complications include compartment syndrome, median nerve injury, and vascular injuries. Therefore, this systematic review compares the effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatments for Colles' fracture.
Methods: A literature search was conducted at the Catholic University of Cuenca's virtual library about clinical and randomized controlled trials, as well as original articles from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The search focused on relevant studies of conservative and surgical treatments for Colles' fracture. Additionally, literature search matrix was created in Excel, and the EndNote reference manager was used to organize the references.
Results: Among the included studies, comparisons between casting and immobilization with volar flexion and ulnar deviation (VFUDC) indicated that the surgical group had better outcomes.
Conclusions: From the reviewed articles, it was concluded that functional cast immobilization was more effective than VFUDC immobilization; regarding postoperative pain relief; ibuprofen demonstrated that it was more effective. Long-term comparative studies are needed to assess the functional outcomes of conservative and surgical treatments.
Keywords: Colles' fracture, conservative treatment, surgical treatment, complications
Complicaciones relacionadas a la nutrición parenteral en pacientes pediátricos. Revisión sistemática.
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) González Merchán , Viviana Elizabeth; Pérez Ramírez, Jacinto Eugenio; 1718376799
Introduction: Parenteral nutrition refers to a type of feeding that supplies the body with a concentrated mixture through a venous line, either peripheral or central. The complications associated with parenteral nutrition in children are generally alarming when using central lines due to the risks of sepsis and mechanical and metabolic disturbances caused by factors such as long-duration catheters and the type and number of lumens. Objective: To identify the main complications associated with parenteral nutrition in pediatric patients. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The data collected comes from publications over the last five years from SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and SpringerLink. Each publication was assessed for quality and individual bias risks. Results: Approximately 519,750 publications were found before applying filters. After filtering, 18 scientifically relevant studies were selected, from which two were obtained from Google Scholar, three from PubMed, four from SciELO, eight from Semantic Scholar, and one from SpringerLink. After analyzing and comparing these studies, it was identified that the most common complications in parenteral nutrition for pediatric patients were infectious and mechanical. Discussion: Following a thorough analysis and comparison of the results with the available literature, it is established that this systematic review aims to address the stated objectives.
Keywords: complications, parenteral nutrition, pediatrics, catheters
Complicaciones en fracturas expuestas de extremidades inferiores. revisión sistemática
(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Encalada Castillo, Kevin Andrés; Capote Llanares, Miguel Ángel; 0302538624
Open fractures represent a global health issue due to their unfavorable prognosis. In the United States, 11.5 individuals per 100,000 experience these fractures each year, with 40% occurring in the lower limbs. Objective: To analyze data on the most common complications of open fractures in the lower limbs. Methodology: A systematic review was developed on complications associated with open fractures in the lower extremities. The scientific articles were searched in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, and Google Scholar, including publications from 2018 to 2022. The selected studies were evaluated using the PRISMA 2020 method and the GRADE scale to classify the quality of information. The PICO strategy was applied to structure the research. Data were organized and presented in tables. Results: An initial pool of 5,134 records was identified, of which eight studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. These studies revealed a high prevalence of infectious complications, with infection rates ranging from 19% to 40.4%. Other identified complications included pseudarthrosis, suture dehiscence, amputations, osteomyelitis, shortening, compartment syndrome, and fatigue of osteosynthesis materials. According to Gustilo-Anderson, grade III fractures exhibited the highest complication rates. Conclusions: Open fractures in the lower limbs are expected, with tibial fractures being the most prevalent and showing a high incidence of Grade III fractures. Infections are the most frequent complication, followed by nonunion and compartment syndrome.
Keywords: open fracture, complications, lower limbs, infections
