Influencia de la práctica deportiva en la salud mental de adolescentes: revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

This research analyzes the influence of sports practice on adolescents’ mental health through a rigorous systematic review based on the standards of the PRISMA 2020 statement. Its main objective was to systematize the current empirical evidence linking regular and structured physical exercise with improvements in mental health, including the reduction of symptoms such as anxiety and depression, as well as increased well-being and strengthened self-esteem during adolescence. In this systematic review, a search was conducted in high-impact databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Redalyc, applying inclusion criteria such as methodological quality, avoidance of duplicate studies, and age range. The findings reveal that physical activity acts as an important modulating factor in emotional homeostasis. It is concluded that the implementation of sports promotion programs in the school setting constitutes an essential preventive tool that enhances the comprehensive development of students. Finally, this study emphasizes the urgency of integrating educational programs that go beyond traditional physical education, promoting sport as a transversal pillar of youth public health. It also recommends the need for further studies in order to design early intervention protocols based on physical exercise. Keywords: Physical activity, mental health, psychological well-being, adolescents