Anteproyecto de un hospital de segundo nivel en el cantón Nangaritza: optimización de la atención médica especializada en la región amazónica del Ecuador

Abstract

Residents of Nangaritza Canton, in the Ecuadorian Amazon, face barriers to accessing specialized healthcare due to long travel distances and poor road conditions. The Guayzimi Health Center is unable to meet the current demand for emergency services. This study proposes the development of a preliminary architectural design for a basic hospital providing secondary care in the parish of Guayzimi, incorporating bioclimatic and sustainable design principles to improve the population's access to healthcare services. The study adopts a descriptive and design-oriented approach using mixed methods, including a review of regulations, an analysis of architectural precedents, a site analysis, and a survey administered to 169 respondents. Of these, 88.9% considered emergency care insufficient, while 93.3% reported having to travel outside the canton to receive medical care and expressed support for the establishment of a basic hospital. The preliminary design separates circulation flows by functional zone and floor level, takes advantage of vertical development, incorporates natural lighting, rainwater harvesting, and locally available materials such as laurel wood and guadua bamboo.