Examinando por Autor "Mainato Guamán, José"
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoFactores de Riesgo asociados a Cáncer Cervicouterino. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Mainato Guamán, José; Molina Jaramillo, José Luis; 0302313911Cervical cancer is a prevalent pathology and is considered the third leading cause of mortality among the most common cancers worldwide. It commonly affects the epithelium of the squamocolumnar transition zone. It mainly appears after the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection causing intraepithelial lesions. These lesions, in interaction with other exposed elements, elevate the risk of progression to cancer. This research aimed to establish the risk factors related to cervical cancer. Method: A review of academic-scientific documents published in Spanish and English between 2018 and 2022 was conducted through a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive systematic technique based on the PRISMA 2020 guide of articles in digital bases such as Redalyc, Taylor & Francis, Elsevier, SciELO, and ResearchGate. Results: Nineteen papers were identified, with the following primary risk factors: HPV, multiple sexual partners, early onset of intercourse, Trichomonas, Chlamydia, and smoking. Conclusions: Based on the results, it was concluded that, in addition to other risk factors related to women's sexual behavior and smoking, HPV remains the leading risk element. Given that more than 50% of the risk factors are modifiable, it is clear that, by implementing a prevention strategy, the prevalence of cervical cancer can be reduced worldwide. Keywords: cancer, cervix, risk factors, neoplasms