Economia
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://dspace.ucacue.edu.ec/handle/ucacue/10723
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Ítem Acceso Abierto Incidencia del Trabajo en Equipo en el Cumplimiento de Metas de las PYMES de Sector Textil en la Ciudad de Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2021) Pinos Pacheco, Andrea Carolina; Campoverde Cajas, Rosario Beatriz; 0105683379Teams are an important part of a company or industry; therefore, this research aims to determine the incidence of teamwork and the achievement of goals in SMEs in the textile sector in Cuenca. The method used was deductive, because it is based on theories and analysis of administrative skills to identify the impact of teamwork on the achievement of goals and the analytical method to analyze separately the factors that affect the achievement of goals with a given planning. The instrument used was the survey, which is structured with 30 items, consisting of 3 parts. When measuring the Pearson correlation between teamwork and goal fulfillment, a score of 0.276 was obtained, interpreting it as a weak positive correlation, and the correlation between teamwork and goal clarity was -0.132, indicating a weak negative correlation. It is evident that the textile sector in Cuenca does not have a good level of teamwork in relation to goal fulfillment or goal clarity.Ítem Acceso Abierto Análisis de la Relacion entre Crecimiento Económico y Pobreza en el Ecuador Periodo 2007 - 2017(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2021) Carrillo Tixi, Verónica Alexandra; Campoverde Cajas, Rosario Beatriz; 0106698467In this research, the relationship between economic growth and poverty in Ecuador in the period 2007 – 2017 is analyzed. For this, it presents theoretical approaches and definitions of growth, relevant studies of the relationship between economic growth and poverty, and then make a descriptive analysis of the evolution of economic growth and income poverty in Ecuador in the period under study. Finally, the relationship between economic growth and poverty is analyzed through econometric modeling following an approach to the methodology used by Campos and Monroy- Gómez- Franco (2016), with the variables GNP per capita and income poverty for the period under study. The results found are consistent with the literature reviewed, that is, economic growth presents an inverse relationship with income poverty that is statistically significant. This means that as the economy grows, there is an impact on poverty reduction in Ecuador for the period studied.Ítem Acceso Abierto “Proyecto de Titulación embargado para publicación. Estará disponible a la fecha de publicación o de cierre de embargo.”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Otavalo Redrovan, Duglas Geovanny; Castillo Ortega, Yonimiller; 0107260457; Castillo OrtegaÍtem Acceso Abierto Análisis de la Actividad Emprendedora y Crecimiento Económico del Ecuador, periodo 2004 - 2009(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Ortega Tuapante, Junior Laureano; Banegas Campoverde, Christian Mauricio; 0106631351Ecuador es uno de los países con mayor número de emprendimientos en la región, pues en el año 2017 alcanzó el 29,6%, superior al promedio de la región (18,5%), a pesar de ello, en los últimos años los indicadores económicos no reportan un crecimiento sostenido. En tal virtud, surge como problemática el desconocimiento de la influencia que tienen las actividades de emprendimiento en la economía del país. Por lo que, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar el impacto que tienen los emprendimientos en los diferentes sectores en la variación del PIB del Ecuador, a través de una correlación y prueba t de student para muestras independientes. Los resultados muestran que ciertos sectores influyen directamente en el crecimiento económico, como es el de servicios, sin embargo, los emprendedores optan por el comercio por la baja inversión que representa. Código JEL: C5, C82, C87, E37Ítem Acceso Abierto Análisis de la Contribución de las Remesas a la Disminución de la Pobreza Multidimensional en el Cantón Santa Rosa y Gualaceo: Un Análisis comparativo.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2022) Torres Naranjo, Cinthia Elizabeth; Uzho Boni, Henry Oswaldo; Ugalde Vásquez, Andrés Francisco; 0705968238; 0106570435Las remesas son consideradas como una fuente importante de ingresos, que conlleva a la supervivencia de los hogares que las reciben, ayudando a satisfacer las principales necesidades básicas destinadas al consumo, vivienda, salud y educación. A su vez, se cree que las remesas llegan para aliviar las condiciones de pobreza, los impactos económicos inesperados, como también a diversificar la distribución de los ingresos. Esta investigación analiza cómo las remesas contribuyen a disminuir la pobreza multidimensional en los hogares perceptores ubicados en el cantón Santa Rosa (Provincia de El Oro) y el cantón Gualaceo (en la provincia del Azuay). Las similitudes y diferencias comparativas entre ambos fenómenos, como también el efecto mediador entre las variables de la pobreza multidimensional y las remesas. El estudio se ha desarrollado mediante el uso de una encuesta enfocada a los hogares de ambos cantones. A través del método econométrico de Mínimos Cuadrados Parciales (PLS), se concluyó que en el cantón Santa Rosa las remesas contribuyeron a una disminución en la pobreza por educación y en el cantón Gualaceo las remesas contribuyeron a una disminución en la pobreza por salud-alimentación. En ambos cantones, la variable pobreza por vivienda se relaciona con la pobreza por trabajo, es decir, la oferta laboral en el sector de la construcción está estrechamente relacionado con las condiciones de oferta de empleo. Finalmente, la variable remesas no presentó fiabilidad y consistencia frente al constructo de pobreza multidimensional, por lo que no se concluye con el análisis del segundo modelo, para ambos cantones.Ítem Acceso Abierto La gestión del ecoturismo para el caso del cantón Arenillas(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Andrade Aponte , Daniela Briggitt; Castillo Ortega , Yonimiler; 0706185196This work investigates ecotourism management in Arenillas canton, focusing on determining its particular characteristics. The research was based on a document analysis of the theoretical elements that address ecotourism management and a current situation diagnosis of ecotourism development in the canton, which allowed the identification of the specific management characteristics in this region. The research adopted a mixed approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative research elements; the descriptive and analytical design allowed the examination of the individual and collective characteristics of the study population, as well as the different variables related to the perception and behavior of the ecotourism management at the local level; document analysis, interview analysis, and structured survey were used. Although there are significant efforts to promote tourism in general, it was found that the focus on ecotourism needs to be strengthened. Inter-institutional collaboration, digital media promotion, and training program implementation are vital for the success of ecotourism in the canton. The research also highlights the need for monitoring and evaluation systems to ensure the sustainability and effectiveness of the initiatives.Ítem Acceso Abierto Prácticas ambientales en la gestión de los GADS municipales en el período 2017-2020. Un análisis multivariado.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Buñay Heredia, Edison Efraín; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer Nathaly; 0302666797This study focuses on determining the environmental practices in managing Municipal Decentralized Autonomous Governments in Ecuador (2017-2020), specifically on water and solid waste issues. Through the Factor Analysis, Mixed Data (FAMD) with Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) methods, the interaction between various variables over 2017-2020 was investigated. The results revealed patterns and trends in water and solid waste management, highlighting successful practices and persistent challenges. Regarding water, three cantons were recognized with various approaches, from treatment to catchment infrastructure. On the other hand, in solid waste, 14 municipalities were determined with effective approaches to treatment and sorting. At the same time, areas with opportunities for improvement in waste management were identified. This analysis provides critical information for informed decision-making in local government management to promote more environmental practices to contribute to the country's sustainable development.Ítem Acceso Abierto Inflación y su relación con la actividad económica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Alvarado Guamán, Rodrigo José; Castillo Ortega, Yonimiler; 1150362273This study aims to analyze the relationship between inflation and economic activity in Ecuador during 2005-2019. The study is based on data from the Central Bank of Ecuador and the National Institute of Statistics and Census. The research is of a quantitative, non-experimental, longitudinal type, with a correlational and descriptive scope. The data are monthly and quarterly, the former because inflation is related to the short-term economic activity index as a proxy for the economy, and the latter because the gross domestic product and the unemployment rate are later taken as measures of the economy to relate them also to inflation. Three models were developed for monthly and quarterly data: simple linear regression with ordinary least squares, autoregressive with distributed lags, and autoregressive vectors. The results indicate that, at a monthly frequency, there is no relationship between inflation and economic activity. In contrast, with quarterly frequency, there is a relationship between inflation and economic activity in Ecuador.Ítem Acceso Abierto Impacto de la deuda pública externa en el crecimiento económico del Ecuador. Periodo 2000-2019(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Seraquive Guamán, Junior Andrés; Vásquez Corral, David Bernardo; 1105331118Foreign debt is considered a significant source of revenue for developing countries. Ecuador has heavily relied throughout its history on this revenue to deal with fiscal deficits. The objective of this research is to analyze the impact of foreign debt on Ecuador's economic growth for the period 2000-2019. Quarterly data collected from the Central Bank of Ecuador have been used for its development. The variables used for this analysis are the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a rate of economic growth, private investment, external public debt, and imports. First, the variables' stability was tested using the Dickey-Fuller test, subsequently, using a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model. A unidirectional causal link was found between imports and real GDP, and a unidirectional causal link between private investment and imports; At the same time, the impact of external debt on economic growth is not statistically significant.Ítem Solo Metadatos La acción colectiva, experiencias desde el sector de economía social y solidaria en el Azuay.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Patiño Ludeña, Michelle de los Ángeles; Castillo Ortega, Yonimiller; 1106084393Collective action is the teamwork of different individuals who work together in solidarity and combine their efforts to achieve effective results. With this union, they create organizations and pursue a common goal. The objective of this research is to determine the experiences of collective action within the organizations of Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) in different cantons of the province of Azuay. To collect the information, a questionnaire was applied to 160 organizations of social and solidarity economy. The multivalent clustering technique was used to analyze the information. The results showed that the predominant experiences of collective action are teamwork, a high level of leadership, and the values of solidarity, respect, cooperation, and punctuality. The experiences in terms of SSE practices that predominate are medium and high levels of participation in community activities, the main positive aspect that has caused in the community is teamwork and the objectives on which the organization mainly focuses are economic, social, and community. From the cluster analysis, it was possible to determine the existence of two groups: the first with 59.1% of leaders with a greater tendency to collective action, with a rating of 4.17% on average, and the second group with 49.9% with an average rating of 3.50%.Ítem Acceso Abierto Propuesta de gestión logística en la administración de insumos para el sector artesanal macanero del cantón Gualaceo(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Puente Piña, Xavier Alejandro; Rosales Namicela, Mónica Briggith; 1400733802This research focuses on the proposal of logistics management in the administration of supplies for the shawl-making handicraft sector (macaneros) of the Canton of Gualaceo to generate a process of supplying adequate materials for artisans who work with the Ikat technique, which has seen problems over time to maintain their economic activity. This research is exploratory; thus, we proceeded to collect information through surveys,seeking to know the shawl-making artisans reality about the management process of the raw material they use in the Canton of Gualaceo; this enabled the knowledge on several necessary aspects to develop a proposal for logistics management in the administration of inputs, sum to improve the planning, procurement, and coordination of materials, thus meeting the current needs within the market by shawl-making handicraft sector.Ítem Acceso Abierto Proyecto de Titulación embargado con fines de publicación de impacto.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Zumba Zárate, Erika Johanna; Cuadrado Sánchez, Gina Patricia; 0104770086AbstractÍtem Acceso Abierto El efecto de la migración sobre el crecimiento económico ecuatoriano: análisis de series temporales en el periodo 2000-2020(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Cueva Ruilova, Lady Gabriela; Marcillo Chasi, Jennifer Nathaly; 0704747013This research aims to estimate an appropriate econometric model to determine the effect of migration on economic growth in Ecuador for the period 2000-2020. The analysis used the variables of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and remittances; the information was obtained from the Central Bank of Ecuador, with 80 observations. The first section reviews the literature on economic growth and migration. Then, an autoregressive vector model of order 4 was developed, in which it was determined that the model could explain 32% of the GDP variability. It is recommended that the impact be analyzed from a consumption and investment standpoint to understand how remittances are used in the country.Ítem Solo Metadatos Responsabilidad social empresarial, en la actividad recreacional en el sector turístico del corredor turístico del Santa Bárbara.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Carrión Parra, Francisco Xavier; Banegas Campoverde, Cristian Mauricio; 0105544316The article aims to determine the degree of perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of companies dedicated to leisure in the tourist corridor of Santa Bárbara from the perspective of consumers. The study area is in the province of Azuay, which includes three cantons: Gualaceo, Chordeleg, and Sigsig. The methodology used was a quantitative, descriptive, field study of a cross-sectional nature, in which a binary logistic regression was performed to analyze the data in order to quantify the level of CSR perceived in the sector. The results show that the studied dimensions—labor, economic, social, and environmental— are important, in order of relevance, to determine the level of perception of tourism consumers regarding corporate social responsibility in leisure tourism in the studied sector. The average rating of the four studied dimensions shows that the probability that tourism consumers perceive issues related to corporate social responsibility in the studied sector is 80%, i.e., the level of perception is relatively high.Ítem Acceso Abierto El empleo y las ventas como medidas del desempeño de las Mipymes en la provincia del Azuay(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Yuqui Qhizhpi, Michael David; Ortiz Lazo, Diego Fernando; 0105021778Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are the essence of productive activity, so this paper studies their characteristics in the province of Azuay and then analyzes their performance in terms of employment and sales considering two years, 2019 and 2021. The study was conducted based on a correlational analysis where three models were estimated (two semilogarithmic and one negative binomial). As a first descriptive result, it was determined that MSMEs promote local development, generate employment, and enable innovation in the productive sectors. Furthermore, the statistical analysis showed that the pandemic had led a decrease in employment in all sectors of MSMEs; however, despite this, sales have increased due to the positive performance of medium-sized enterprises. As for the regression analysis, it was found that there is a positive relationship between employment and sales variables in the log-linear models, with a statistically significant decrease in employment due to the COVID-19 effect. In contrast, the negative binomial model has no statistically or economically significant coefficients. Therefore, based on the findings, public policy intervention at the local and national levels is necessary to support MSMEs in Azuay.Ítem Solo Metadatos Análisis del comercio informal de productos agrícolas realizado por mujeres de la parroquia Sinincay, cantón Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Sichiqui Pauta, Ronald Armando; Marcillo Chasy, Jennifer; 0104790522Considering the growing number of women farmers in informal commerce in different instances in Latin America and the lack of information on these groups as well as the challenges they face, the aim is to define the processes of marketing agricultural products and their characteristics, in terms of the food supply system, marketing processes, transportation and the use of public space. Under a mixed methodological design, data from a sample of agricultural women belonging to the Sinincay parish, canton Cuenca, was obtained, and using the technique of multiple factor analysis, the data of the groups of variables were analyzed individually and as a whole, which provided information on individuals or homogeneous groups. The presence of married and single women who have leased or owned land without debt and are dedicated exclusively to agricultural activities was highlighted.Ítem Solo Metadatos Puntuación de crédito de los socios de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Jardín Azuayo mediante regresión logística del periodo 2016 al 2019(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Maldonado Ambrosi, Andrea Elizabeth; Covri Rivera, Daniele; 0106176555This paper aims to estimate an econometric model for the credit score of the members of the "Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Jardín Azuayo" from 2016 to 2019. For this, the cooperative provided a database with forty-one variables, of which only twelve were selected. More than 36 thousand observations were estimated, having the delinquency variable as the response variable. First, a theoretical review of the popular and solidarity economic sector, its financial sector, credits in popular finance, credit scoring, and Logit models was carried out. Then, a Logit model was estimated by determining that the only variable that has no impact on the dependent variable is the number of credits. The null hypothesis was rejected because most of the variable categories were significant. The model has a predictive capacity of 82% of the observationsÍtem Solo Metadatos El rol de la asociatividad como determinante en la morosidad de créditos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Palaguachi Montesdeoca, Marco Ivan; Catillo Ortega, Yonimiler; 0105266456This research aims to determine the influence of associativity on loan payment arrears among the affiliates of the “Cooperativa Jardín Azuayo.” For this purpose, a database of 115,825 observations was used. The information provided by the Cooperative included the variables of associativity, arrears, age, spouse's income, education level, gender, residential area, and member's income. By applying the Logit model, it was possible to determine that the level of education, age, and member's and spouse's income have a negative effect on the probability of becoming a defaulter. However, the variables of associativity, residential area, and marital status have a positive probability of influencing a client's arrears. The immediate result was that the clients in associativity were more likely to be in arrears.Ítem Acceso Abierto Análisis de los factores de crecimiento económico de las MIPYMES del cantón Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Molina Patiño, Jhony Javier; Ortiz Lazo, Diego Fernando; 0350154258This research aims to analyze the main factors affecting the economic growth of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in the canton of Cuenca. An extensive review of various authors' studies, theories, and concepts was conducted to gather relevant information on the subject. In addition, a questionnaire was applied to 235 MSMEs. The sampling approach involved economic sector stratification with a 95% confidence level, an acceptable margin of error not exceeding 5%, and a constant proportion of 0.5 reflecting the phenomenon in the population. The findings revealed that the developers of business growth, such as motivation, knowledge management, and economic and technological environment, corresponding to the strategies of concentric, horizontal, and cluster diversification that are part of the life cycle perspective, have the most significant influence on business economic growth in MSMEs in the canton of Cuenca.Ítem Acceso Abierto Variables macroeconómicas determinantes en la tendencia de las captaciones y colocaciones de la EPS(Universidad Católica de Cuenca, 2023) Palacios Ávila, Robinson Miguel; Castillo Ortega , Yonimiler; 0105248389The Popular and Solidary Economy (EPS, by its Spanish acronym) fundraising and placements are financial instruments of great relevance for an economy. This research aims to determine the impact of the main macroeconomic variables on the economic fundings and placements of the EPS in Ecuador from 2010 to 2021. The variables Gross Domestic Product, investment, inflation, unemployment, and interest rates were used to achieve the objective. The methodology implemented is vector autoregressive (VAR) since it considers endogeneity and simultaneous causality among variables. Then, the impulse-response functions make it possible to show how a shock applied to each endogenous variable considered affects fundraising and placements. The results show that inflation is inversely proportional to the financial system's guarantees, while the consumer credit interest rate is directly proportional. In addition, it was found that an increase in the unemployment rate increases the deposits of the popular and solidarity financial sector
