Trabajos de Titulación - Enfermería
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoRotavirus en pacientes pediátricos a nivel de América Latina.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Armijos Chuchuca , Adonis Alexander; Palaguachi Tenecela, Ángel Efraín; 0705656080Introduction: Rotavirus is considered a double-stranded RNA virus of the Reoviridae family and is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children up to 5 years old and neonates, affecting the gastrointestinal system primarily. It is linked to socioeconomic and seasonal factors across Latin America. Objective: To determine the different rotavirus infections, their prevalence, associated factors, complications, therapeutic approaches, and nursing interventions. Methodology: This study is a literature review conducted by searching various scientific databases such as Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, SciELO, Redalyc, PubMed, ProQuest, VHL Regional Portal, and Dialnet. Results: The presence of rotavirus in different pediatric patients shows high prevalence rates: Mexico 60-70%, Argentina 80%, Colombia 93%, and Cuba 44.9%, among others. The persistence of this virus is mainly related to socioeconomic status and deficiencies in sanitation, education, and healthcare. Therapeutic approaches focus primarily on using the rotavirus vaccine through health programs. Finally, nursing interventions are based on the patient care process and promotion and prevention through education to increase knowledge about this virus. Conclusion: The information gathered indicates that rotavirus remains a public health problem due to Latin America’s high infant mortality rate. Keywords: Rotavirus infections, Latin America, risk factors, prevalence, rotavirus vaccines.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAtención de enfermería en pacientes colostomizados a nivel mundial(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Garzó Estrella, Adamary Guadalupe; Ramírez Aguilar, Cristina Anabel; Parra Pérez, Carmen del Rocio; 1400718985; 0705749281Introduction: Colostomy involves exteriorizing part of the colon to allow the intestinal contents to exit, which can be temporary or definitive; therefore, the role of nursing in care, education for better self-care, and prevention of complications to improve the patient's quality of life are of great importance. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted by analyzing articles from indexed journals in scientific databases such as SciELO, Scopus, Redalyc, and ProQuest, published between 2018 and 2022 in Spanish, English, and Portuguese. Keywords were used according to the descriptors of Health Science (Descs), such as Colostomy, nursing care, and Standardized nursing terminology; in turn, search equations were formed using Boolean operators such as: "AND." Results: The results show different types of colostomies according to their location, having a high psychological impact on the patients that affects their social environment, family, work, and personal image. The nursing staff plays a vital role in the critical care of these patients, from the care of the colostomy education on self-care and the psychological support needed by the patient and family. Conclusion: Nursing care plays an essential role in the attention, health care, and education of colostomized persons who need a proper nursing care plan that responds to the needs of each person's manifestations. Keywords: Colostomy, Nursing care, Standardized nursing terminology.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoIntervenciones de enfermería en el síndrome de miller fisher(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Córdova Guillermo , Fanny Jessenia; Siguenza Patiño , Esthefany Dayanna; Palaguachi Tenecela, Angel Efrain; 0106323462; 0106451545Introduction: Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a clinically diverse disease, relatively symmetrical, involving both motor and sensory functions, with either a single-phase or recurrent progression. Objectives: To describe the prevalence, risk factors, complications, therapeutic approach, and nursing interventions in patients with DMF. Methodology: A literature review was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Redalyc, SciELO, Web of Science, and Taylor & Francis. Boolean operators (AND and OR) were used in the respective search equations as a search strategy. Results: The most significant findings revealed that the prevalence is high in East Asia, with an 87.5% positive diagnosis rate; in Ecuador, 185 cases were reported in 2012; in Chile, the prevalence ranges from 1.1 to 1.8 cases per 100,000 people, and in Colombia, it varies between 1% and 5%. Risk factors include pregnancy, potential associations with COVID-19 vaccination, and upper respiratory tract infections, particularly with Campylobacter jejuni. Complications range from respiratory and neurological difficulties, such as cranial nerve paralysis and speech problems. The treatment involves diagnostic imaging techniques, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), plasmapheresis, and steroids such as methylprednisolone. Nursing interventions encompass vital signs monitoring, specialized care, and rehabilitation. Conclusion: The percentage varies according to the geographical area and gender, taking a multidisciplinary approach to treating this complex condition. The implementation of intensive physiotherapy with comprehensive rehabilitation care coordination is crucial for improving the patient's clinical outcomes. Keywords: Miller Fisher Syndrome, prevalence, risk factors, ophthalmoplegia syndrome, nursing care.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAmputación infracondilea transfemoral en adolescente con diagnóstico de osteosarcoma(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Segarra Parapi, Paola Michelle; Chillogalli Farez, Jonnathan Bayron; Puente Arroyo, Anita del Carmen; 0106803018; 0105671135Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with a high incidence during childhood and adolescence, with important prevalence and incidence figures worldwide. It requires a multidisciplinary trained team in the timely identification of needs and prevention of complications, and the participation of nursing professionals is of great relevance. Objective: To determine the role of nursing professionals in the holistic care of osteosarcoma. Methodology: The analysis of a clinical case was carried out. Presentation of the clinical case: A 13-year-old female patient, with a history of osteosarcoma who underwent a supracondylar transfemoral amputation reported hyporexia, neuropathic pain at the stump level, soft tumor in the pelvic region. For the last four days, she presented exacerbation along with anorexia, asthenia, and photophobia. Results: The nursing assessment showed the main diagnoses for which care plans were established: knowledge deficit, nutritional imbalance, reduced physical mobility, sleep disorders, chronic pain, body image disturbance, and ineffective coping mechanisms. Conclusion: The inclusion of the nursing role is crucial in the recovery process due to the daily closeness with not only the affected individuals but also their families. Critical points highlight the domain of care, its objectives framed in preventing complications, and the relevant educational domain after the application of high-impact surgical therapies such as amputation, considering that it most frequently affects vulnerable groups such as children and adolescents. Keywords: Osteosarcoma, Amputation Stumps, Lower Limb, Adolescent, Chronic Pain.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoIntervenciones de enfermería en pacientes colostomizado por cáncer de colon(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Aviles Cerrufo, Jhandry Rubén; Puentes Arroyo, Anita del Carmen; 1105139156Colon cancer is defined, according to the WHO, as a pathology in which rectal cells multiply excessively within it; this type predominates in the left part of the colon canal. Objective: To identify priority nursing interventions in colostomized patients due to colon cancer. Methodology: A literature review was conducted in Redalyc, Scopus, and SciELO databases and institutional pages, with publications in English, Spanish, and Portuguese between 2019 and 2024. Results: Worldwide, by the end of 2024, the American Cancer Association expects a higher number of cases around the globe. It is the leading cause of morbidity. Its predisposing factors can be genetic, dietary, environmental, or lifestyle. The therapeutic approach contemplates diagnosis with colonoscopy and biopsies of abnormal tissue. Complications that may occur must also be taken into account, such as liver metastases, dermatitis, stoma ischemia, prolapses, and stenosis. Nursing interventions in colostomized patients include screening, emotional support, management of signs and symptoms, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliative care. Conclusions: Colon cancer represents a global concern due to its increasing prevalence and high mortality. Its incidence is increasing, particularly among young people, which highlights the need to understand related factors, including genetics, an unhealthy diet, a sedentary lifestyle or little physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol consumption. Within the Nursing Care Process, it is crucial to identify problems and plan interventions that optimize and improve the lifestyle of colostomized patients. Keywords: Prevalence, ostomy, cancer, treatment, nursing care, colon prevalence, cancer, cancer treatment, colon cancer.
