Bioquímica y Farmacia
URI permanente para esta comunidad
Examinar
Examinando Bioquímica y Farmacia por Título
Mostrando 1 - 20 de 108
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAislamiento, caracterización e identificación de bacterias pigmentadas que participan en procesos de biodeterioro del Compleo Arqueológico Ingapirca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Medina Durán, Gina Maritza; Yarzábal Rodríguez, Luis Andréz; 010588243-5Introduction: Among the most frequent alterations of archaeological monuments we can highlight the degradation of the stone material due to its use as a source of nutrients by microorganisms, and the deterioration caused by the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites, such as organic acids. Objective: To identify pigmented bacteria that are part of the communities of microorganisms that contribute to the biodeterioration of the Ingapirca Archaeological Complex. Methodology: Observational study, in which samples obtained from the rock structure of the main monument of the Ingapirca Complex were cultured. Microbiological techniques were used to isolate and characterize these strains, and Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics to identify and classify them. Results: Bacterial isolates with diverse pigmentation, shape, and texture were obtained. Most of the strains are psychrotolerant and can dissolve minerals at low temperatures. The bacterial isolates belong to three phyla, where the most represented were the actinobacteria. Phylogenetic relationships between the isolated strains could be established.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAnálisis bacteriológico de leche cruda expendida en Tarqui-Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Tenecela Valencia, Esthefany Michelle; Ortiz Tejedor, Jonnathan Gerardo; 150282507Introduction: Raw milk, being a food source, is susceptible to microbial contamination during manual milking. However, it can contain bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Total coliforms, and Escherichia coli, leading to various foodborne illnesses. Objective: To identify Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Total coliforms in raw milk samples sold in Tarqui, Ecuador, using Compact Drt X-SA and EC plates. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional and observational descriptive study was conducted. The study universe comprised the raw milk samples sold in Tarqui, Ecuador. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling method was employed, obtaining 20 raw milksamples. Results: Among the raw milk samples, 50% exhibited coliforms in dilutions of 1:100 and 1:1000. Additionally, 15% of the analyzed samples tested positive for E. coli. S. aureus exceeded the established limits, with a presence of 70% in the 1:100 dilution and 25% inthe 1:1000 dilution. It is important to note that rejection limits may vary depending on the standards set by each country, as there is no standardized norm. Conclusion: In this study, the counts of S. aureus revealed high values, surpassing the rejection limits. On the other hand, E. coli registered 15% contamination, while coliform contamination ranged from 35% to 50% in raw milk. The interpretation of contaminationindicators should be based on the specific standards established by each country.
- ÍtemAcceso Abierto“Análisis bioético de casos mediante el modelo de lenguaje de inteligencia artificial ChatGPT”.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Guillermo Guillermo, Jessica Noemí; Andrade Campoverde, Diego Paúl; 105127377Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) rapidly transforms healthcare, encompassing everything from clinical decision-making to diagnosis and treatment. While AI has the potential to improve patients’ health and well-being significantly, it also generates critical bioethical issues that must be addressed to ensure its responsible and efficient use. Objective: To employ the artificial intelligence program ChatGPT for the bioethical analysis of controversial issues such as abortion and euthanasia to identify their impact on decision-making. Methodology: Two significant cases on euthanasia and abortion were selected, the names and places were changed so that the AI would not recognize if the cases were previously published, and the relevant questions were formulated. Results: ChatGPT’s responses show limited knowledge of bioethics, merely providing answers to generalized issues. Conclusion: ChatGPT can be helpful for ethical guidance, but its use is not recommended as a guide for the bioethical analysis of specific cases.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAnálisis fisicoquímico y bacteriológico de las piscinas de aguas termales, más concurridas, de la parroquia Baños. Cuenca – Ecuador.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Anguisaca Vega, Alexandra Estefanía; Ortiz Tejedor, Jonnathan Gerardo; 107645889Introduction: In most thermal waters, the sanitary and microbiological quality is unknown, enabling the growth of certain microorganisms inherent to these environments, which have evolved to adapt to the extreme conditions of these ecosystems. The water quality depends on its physicochemical properties, such as temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity. Objective: To analyze the physicochemical and bacteriological status of the most visited thermal pools in Baños parish, Cuenca - Ecuador. Methodology: The study was descriptive, experimental, and cross-sectional. The universe was the three spas, "El Riñón" Spa, "Durán Inn," and “Durán" Spa, along with one spring sample, from where 16 samples were obtained for the physicochemical and bacteriological analysis of these spas. Results: In the bacteriological analysis, Staphylococcus aureus was identified with a percentage of 77%. In the physicochemical analysis, an average pH value of 7.92 was observed at "Riñón” Spa and in the spring, an average of 8.43 at "Durán Inn" and "Durán" Spa. The temperature was around 35 °C, except for the spring. Conclusion: These thermal waters depend on the physicochemical conditions; they are mesothermal and alkaline waters, and their microbiological quality is excellent since the presence of Staphylococcus aureus does not represent a risk for individuals who visit these recreational facilities.
- ÍtemSolo Metadatos“Análisis y determinación de microorganismos bacterianos presentes en el Hospital Humanitario fundación Pablo Jaramillo”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Bravo Crespo, Jorge Sebastián; Sánchez Jiménez, Andrea Verónica; Bravo Crespo, David Israel; 0150060200; 0104853569Introduction: Nosocomial infections, also known as intrahospital infections, are caused by opportunistic bacteria commonly found in patients suffering from specific pathologies —infections associated with patient care within health facilities—. Objective: To determine the presence of pathogenic microorganisms on inert and environmental surfaces in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Neonatology, and Emergency Departments of the "Pablo Jaramillo" Foundation - Humanitarian Hospital (Hospital Humanitario - Fundación Pablo Jaramillo). Methodology: This was basic research with a positivist paradigm using a quantitative, in vitro experimental approach. Surface and intrahospital environmental analyses were conducted. The surface swab method was applied for sampling in the neonatal, ICU, and emergency departments, focusing on high-contact areas. The presence or absence of each type of pathogenic microorganism was determined by colony staining on the Compact Dry plates. Results: A total of 75 samples were analyzed, and it was demonstrated that E. coli was present in 21.05% of the samples, S. aureus in 60.00%, Klebsiella spp. in 37.50%, molds and yeasts in 30.00% and were absent in 70.00% of the cases. Conclusion: The most frequent encountered pathogenic microorganisms were Klebsiella spp and S. aureus on the inert surfaces. This suggests that hygiene and cleaning regulations are being followed, thus reinforcing disinfection practices in the analyzed areas.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAntibióticos presentes en leche cruda recolectada en el mercado 10 de Agosto de la ciudad de Cuenca, período abril 2023.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Ayala Sarmiento, Andrés Geovanny; Durazno Reinoso, Cristina Belén; Martínez León, Maritza del Rosario; 0104667928; 0105219976Introduction: Indiscriminate use of antibiotics is a common practice in our community to restore cattle to health without considering the impact of this action on animal health or on the products that cattle can provide to humans. Objective: To determine the presence of antibiotic residues in raw milk sold in the “10 de Agosto” market in Cuenca City, Azuay province. Methodology: The study was a qualitative, experimental, cross-sectional study. The universe consisted of 5 raw milk stalls, from which 90 samples were obtained. AMINO 3IN1 and 3IN1 BST were used for the determination of antibiotics. Results: In 18 out of the 90 samples analyzed (20%), antibiotic residues were found; the most frequent antibiotic was sulfonamide (18.88%) and gentamicin (1.11%). Conclusion: Antibiotic residues were found in the raw milk samples; sulfonamide was the most frequent. The highest amount of antibiotic traces was in stall 5. In stall 2, gentamicin was observed (5.56%), while no antibiotic residues were found in stalls 3 and 4.
- ÍtemEmbargoBioquímica Farmacéutica(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Figueroa Barros, Paula Rafaela; García Prado, Kerly Daniela; García Calle, Anthony Alxander; 0107282956; 0106722564; Sánchez, Ana Gabriela
- ÍtemSolo Metadatos“Calidad microbiológica de ensaladas cocidas expendidas en el mercado 10 de Agosto de la ciudad de Cuenca - Ecuador; mayo 2023”(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Farfán Alvarado, Evelyn Joshep; Torres Segarra, Mateo Sebastian; 0705823169; 0105782932; Torres Segarra, Silvia MonserrathIntroduction: One of the public health problems that has increased the most at present is foodborne diseases (FBD). In this scenario, E. coli bacteria and other coliforms are part of the causative agents of these food pathologies and are indicative of poor hygiene or food handling habits. Objective: To determine the microbiological quality of cooked salads sold in the ‘10 de Agosto’ market in the city of Cuenca - Ecuador; in May 2023. Materials and methods: The universe consists of the ‘10 de Agosto’ market in the city of Cuenca. Thirty-two samples will be collected for the identification of E. coli/coliforms in cooked salads, using Compact Dry EC plates. Colony Forming Units (CFU) of E. coli/coliforms in cooked salads will also be quantified according to INEN 1529-7. Results: The presence of E. coli/coliforms was determined in 100% of cooked salads sold in the ‘10 de Agosto’ market in the city of Cuenca. Conclusion: The presence of E. coli/coliforms was determined in all samples of cooked salads from the ‘10 de Agosto’ market in the city of Cuenca, during the period May 2023.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCalidad microbiológica del agua potable(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Albarracín Solís, Digna Yadira; Blandin Lituma, Paula Eliana; 030258733-2Introducción: la transmisión de microorganismos patógenos a través del agua y por consiguiente las enfermedades que traen a consecuencia todavía siguen siendo un problema de salud pública; la OMS ha registrado cada año millones de muertes por enfermedades comunes de transmisión por agua y alimentos entre las cuales se encuentra la diarrea que afecta principalmente a la población vulnerable como son los niños menores de 5 años. Objetivo general: con la presente investigación se analiza la literatura existente referente a la calidad microbiológica del agua potable a nivel nacional. Metodología: la presente se trata de una investigación documental de revisión bibliográfica, para la cual se utilizarán los recursos digitales proporcionados por la Universidad Católica de Cuenca y artículos publicados en el periodo de estudio. Resultados: se obtuvo información relevante que permitió hacer un análisis y valoración de la calidad microbiológica del agua potable y en lo que respecta al abastecimiento público aún deficiente a nivel nacional.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosCaracterísticas de la automedicación en el contexto de la covid-19 en América Latina.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Torres Cabrera, Juan Carlos; Heredia Cabrera, Gina Catalina; 150013001Introduction: Self-medication is a common practice that, during COVID-19 pandemic, has intensified due to uncertainty and fear of the new infection. Objective: To describe the characteristics of self-medication in Latin America in the Covid-19 context. Methodology: This study, based on a systematic review PRISMA 2020, analyzed sixteen papers from Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases conducted in Latin America from 2019 to 2023 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, which provided information on self-medication; the evidence quality was assessed through the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for cross-sectional studies. Results: The prevalence of self-medication varied among countries, with Peru highlighting 80.3%. The most consumed drugs included analgesics (paracetamol and ibuprofen), antibiotics (azithromycin), Ivermectin, plant derivatives, and chlorine dioxide. Self-medication was associated with male sex, old age, and low education levels. Conclusion: In the countries where the study was conducted, a high prevalence of self-medication was found, especially of anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and a combination of drugs and herbal products; this inappropriate practice can have repercussions in the presentation of adverse reactions and drug interactions that aggravate the patient's health status, becoming a public health problem.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosCaracterización bacteriana de superficies inertes en unidades móviles de atención pre hospitalaria posterior a la desinfección de la ciudad de Cuenca 2023(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Benavides Rodríguez, William Rolando; Morocho Malla, José Andrés; Arteaga Sarmiento, Sandra Denisse; 0107316689; 0106446164Introduction: Ambulance units play a crucial role in providing prehospital care and transporting patients with serious conditions. However, they can be a source of cross-contamination, primarily bacteria, which can compromise patient health and put medical personnel at risk. This risk is further heightened if adequate disinfection protocols are not established. Objective: To characterize the bacteria present on inert surfaces after disinfection processes, in order to corroborate whether the disinfection process is adequate. Methodology: The research approach was qualitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, analytical, and field-based. The study universe consisted of inert surfaces of the mobile pre-hospital care units. Once the suspected bacteria were analyzed, they were identified using the Vitek 2 technique, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were also performed. Results: Growth was found in 15 of the 60 sites analyzed. However, suspected bacteria were analyzed and identified: Staphylococcus hominis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus spp. These strains are considered potentially pathogenic in areas of high handling. Additionally, antibiotic susceptibility tests show both sensitivity and resistance to specific antibiotics. Conclusion: It is concluded that contamination in the units is a serious issue due to its importance during transfers in critical situations. However, it can originate from various sources, putting the health of staff and patients at risk. Therefore, it is essential to maintain rigorous attention to the protocols of cleaning and optimal disinfection.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCaracterización de la virulencia y resistencia antimicrobiana de cepas de Diutina catenulata que circulan entre cuyes (Cavia porcellus) criados para consumo en la provincia del Cañar (Ecuador)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Barrezueta Vásquez, Juan Sebastián; Carreño Parra, Rómulo Adrián; Buela Salazar, Lenys Margarita; 0106849904; 1400617468Introduction: Diutina catenulata is an ascomycete belonging to the Saccharomycetales and has been isolated from domestic animals and humans. Objective: The aim of this investigation was to determine the expression of virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility in four strains of Diutina catenulata isolated from the nasal mucosa of guinea pigs raised for human consumption. Materials and Methods: Microbiological and bioinformatic methods were used: macro- and micromorphological analysis, optimal growth temperature, hydrolytic enzyme production, penetration capacity, antifungal susceptibility, and phylogenetic analysis. Protease, hemolysin, and phospholipase production were determined after 72 hours at 30°C in the SD medium. Antifungal susceptibility was evaluated in the presence of five antifungal agents: voriconazole, fluconazole, caspofungin, micafungin, and amphotericin B. MICs were quantified using a VITEK 2 kit. To establish the strains phylogeny, the "MEGA 11" program was used with the "maximum similarity" method. Results: The cells of the four strains multiplied optimally at 30°C and were oval, with the presence of gems and pseudohyphae. All strains produced alpha-type hemolysins and actively penetrated the agar substrate with the production of true hyphae. MICs > 8 μg/mL were detected for fluconazole, indicating possible resistance. All four strains belong to the same monophyletic clade and are evolutionarily related to a clinical strain of D. catenulata. Conclusion: All four strains of D. catenulata were shown to have pathogenic potential for humans in direct contact with these animals.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoCaracterización fenotípica y molecular de cepas de wickerhamomyces anomalus que colonizan la mucosa nasal de cuyes domésticos (cavia porcellus) en granjas de la pronvincia de Cañar (Ecuador)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Chimbo Granda, Adrián Esteban; Yarzábal Rodríguez, Andrés; 010581231-7INTRODUCTION: Zoonosis is a disease that has jumped from non-human animals to humans. Therefore, conducting research to identify possible zoonotic pathogens that may affect the population is essential. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to characterize phenotypically and molecularly strains of Wickerhamomyces anomalous isolated from the nasal mucosa of guinea pigs raised in farms in the Cañar Province (Ecuador). MATERIALS Y METHODS: The methodology was based on conventional microbiology procedures and techniques. Different culture media, including Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, Papa Dextrose Agar, and HiChrome Candida, were used to evaluate the morphological and physiological characteristics of the strains studied. Enzyme activity tests were performed on media supplemented with sheep blood (hemolysis), egg yolk (phospholipase), and milk (caseinolysis). Penetration assays were performed in the SDA medium. VITEK®2 equipment was used to measure the susceptibility of the strains to antifungals. The molecular phylogeny of the strains was established with bioinformatics programs such as MEGA X, BLAST, and nucleotide sequences from GenBank. RESULTS: The most relevant results include the estimation of the optimal growth temperature (23 °C> opt. temp. <37 °C), the hemolytic activity, the ability to penetrate solid media of all isolates with the presence of true hyphae (activation of a phenotypic-dimorphism switching), and the evaluation of evolutionary associations with other strains of the same species (some clinically significant). The sum of these results suggests a potential health risk for the population
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosCaracterización micológica de fresas en puntos de venta de un mercado de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Durán Barros, Milton Josué; Vimos Maldonado, Diego Patricio; Macías Matamoros, Andrea Fernanda; 0150305530; 0104166244INTRODUCTION: In Ecuador, Fragaria sp is known as strawberry; it is cultivated within a temperature range of 14 to 21 ºC. Its viability is short as it is one of the fruits with the shortest shelf life, resulting in immediate consumption. However, the fruit's characteristics, such as the thin epidermis, prevent water loss. Factors such as temperature, humidity, and hygiene during storage and distribution increase the probability of suffering fungal microorganisms attack, including Botrytis spp, Rhodotorula spp, and Penicillium spp. They cause contamination and deterioration of the strawberries. OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to characterize the presence of fungi in strawberries from several points of sale in a market in the city of Cuenca-Ecuador. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The methodology applied was qualitative, descriptive, experimental, and cross-sectional. RESULTS: Fungal contamination was characterized in the strawberry samples analyzed, in which the most prevalent fungus was Penicillium spp with 86%, Rhodotorula spp with 13.2%, and Botrytis spp with 0.8%. CONCLUSION: Fungal contamination of strawberries is attributed to their short shelf life, post-harvest contamination, inadequate handling by vendors, and improper storage and transportation.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosColiformes totales y escherichia coli en superficies inertes en contacto con el consumo de los alimentos de los patios de comida del mercado “25 de Junio” Gualaceo – Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Gomezcuello Samaniego, Juan Pablo; Villavicencio Figueroa, Layla Carolina; Bravo Crespo, David Israel; 0105008700; 0105306500Introduction: Foodborne diseases (FBD) are caused by unsafe food consumption by humans, representing a significant public health problem of mortality and morbidity, taking into account that the most common pathogens include Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Enterohemorrhagic E. coli, impacting millions of people annually. Objective: To determine the presence of E. coli and total coliforms (TC) on inert surfaces (IS) that come into contact with food in the "25 de Junio" market food stalls in the Gualaceo canton, Ecuador. Methodology: The approach was descriptive observational with a non-experimental cross-sectional design to determine E. coli and total coliforms. The investigation universe comprised 120 samples of inert surfaces collected from different locations and materials within the study area. Results: The presence of E. coli and its colony-forming units (CFU) presented a low incidence, with 31.7%, and the presence of total coliforms represented 69.2%, depending on the location and material of the study area analyzed. Conclusion: The 120 food-contact food service establishments analyzed found that most cafeterias located outside the study area exhibited high levels of CFU contamination for E. coli and total coliforms.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoControl de los parámetros físico químicos y biofarmacéuticos de comprimidos de enalapril 20 mg.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Chuisaca Sagbay, David Israel; Bernal Gómez, Ingrid Fernanda; Cárdenas Cordero, Janneth Fernanda; 0107129231; 0302601869Introduction: This research study outlines the quality control of Enalapril tablets which must comply with all the quality parameters since it is a drug to treat a risk disease. Information was compiled from the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP), and information from other trials of common drugs, to support the results obtained in the different trials. Objective: The quality of different Enalapril 20 mg tablets was evaluated through different assays to detect possible problems related to the tablets. Materials and methods: A methodology based on a descriptive bibliographic analysis was applied. An exhaustive search, compilation, and selection of current information available in several open-access scientific databases was conducted to compare laboratory results and better understand them. Results: The results of the analyzed articles could show several aspects that complied with the pharmacopeia; however, physical factors could alter some results. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the different commercial companies do comply with the requirements established by the USP for tablets; however, environmental factors that may alter the results should not be discarded
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosCortisol como hormona de estrés y su relación con las inmunoglobulinas A y E(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Chucuri Carchi, Saida Thalia; Tocto Naula, Tania Paola; Rivera Tuba, Jonathan Xavier; 0105694251; 0105727481Introduction: Cortisol, the primary stress hormone, facilitates immune system functioning. However, prolonged cortisol production is harmful, as it could impair the immune response, including immunoglobulins A and E alterations. Objective: To analyze the cortisol alterations produced by stress and its affection to immunoglobulins A and E. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted with a descriptive approach, using search strategies in indexed databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, Redalyc, Medigraphic, and the virtual library of the Catholic University of Cuenca. A total of 52 documents were reviewed, and 34 articles and books meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Results: The results show a relationship between the immune reactions induced by the chronic effects of stress and alterations in immunoglobulin A and E levels. Conclusion: Studies have demonstrated the indissoluble interrelationship among the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, leading to pathophysiological patterns and a significant correlation between low immunoglobulin A and E production in patients with prolonged chronic and acute stress that induces elevated cortisol levels.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoDesinfectantes y antisépticos utilizados en tiempos de pandemia COVID-19(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Acero Quizhpi, Esther Rosalía; Arteaga Sarmiento, Sandra Denisse; 030293496-3Objective: To evaluate bibliographically the main disinfectants and antiseptics used during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: The study applies a documentary type design through bibliographic review in databases of high impact journals such as Scopus, ScieLO, PubMed, Redalyc, Web of Science, Springer, Google Scholar, virtual library of the Catholic University of Cuenca, in English and Spanish languages, in the years 2016-2021. Results: The main antiseptics and disinfectants used in the COVID-19 pandemic were: alcohols, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, iodine compounds, anionic surfactants, phenols, sodium hypochlorite, and quaternary ammonium. The concentrations described for the disinfectants and antiseptics used in pandemic time against SARS CoV-2 are: H2O2 0.5%, benzalkonium chloride (0.05-2%), glutaraldehyde (0.5-2.5%), iodopovidone 10%, sodium hypochlorite (0.5-1%), chlorhexidine 0.5%, alcohol (70-90%), isopropanol 50%. The disinfectants and antiseptics that by in vitro and in vivo studies showed greater effectiveness, managing to reduce the SARS CoV-2 virus to undetectable levels were: chlorine at 1:49 and 1:99 ppm, povidone with iodine 7.5%, ethanol 70%, chloroxylenol 0.05%, benzalkonium chloride 0.1% and chlorhexidine 0.05% with soap solution at a concentration of 1:49, in a time of 15 minutes. The virucidal effect against COVID-19 for nasopharyngeal oral rinses was proved with solutions of 0.23% Iodopovidone and 3% hydrogen peroxide. In addition, it is confirmed that the WHO formulations of ethanol at 85% v/v and glycerin at 0.75% v/v efficiently inactivate SARS-CoV-2.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosDetección de Escherichia coli en superficies inertes de servicios higiénicos en la unidad académica de salud y bienestar de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Lucero Cumbe, Joseline Paola; Vélez Zamora, Luis Alfredo; 106407737Introduction: Throughout the years, there have been several diseases to which human beings are subjected, and pathogenic microorganisms are the primary transmission factor in surfaces of daily use, even more if cleaning staff and users do not provide adequate hygiene. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine and quantify the presence of Escherichia coli on toilet surface facilities at the Academic Department of Health and Wellness of the Catholic University of Cuenca Campus. Methodology: A non-experimental, quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in which 424 samples were taken from 106 toilets. The non-parametric Chi-square test (X2) with a significance level of 0.05 was used to evaluate the correlation between the variables involved in this study. Results: Of the samples analyzed, E. coli was present in more significant quantities before routine cleaning, representing 13.67% of the total, while after cleaning, 7.78%; likewise, there was more significant contamination in the toilet knobs than in the door handles, comprised by 9.43% and 6.60%, respectively. Conclusion: The study indicated that toilets have a higher bacterial load of E. coli before cleaning than after cleaning, and the most contaminated surface is the toilet knobs.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosDetección de Escherichia coli y coliformes totales en el área de preparación y consumo en un establecimiento de comida en la ciudad de Cuenca.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Calle Cali, Jessica Morelia; Morocho Matailo, Nataly Ximena; Vélez Zamora, Luis Alfredo; 0107286890; 0107252884Abstract: Foodborne diseases (FBDs) are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that lead to various gastrointestinal conditions in the population, even requiring hospitalization. On the other hand, total coliforms are indicators of the presence of disease-causing bacteria. Objective: To determine the presence of Escherichia coli and total coliforms on regular and irregular inert surfaces in the food preparation and consumption area of a food establishment in Cuenca. Methodology: It is an observational descriptive cross-sectional study with 40 samples of regular and irregular inert surfaces in a restaurant. Results: According to the "Peruvian Technical Guide for the Microbiological Analysis of Surfaces in contact with Food and Beverages" Ministerial Resolution N° 461-2007/MINSA of inert surfaces, the place does not comply with the requirements due to the presence of both Escherichia coli and total coliforms according to the areas of food preparation and consumption; for total coliforms with the presence of (32.3%; 22.2%) while for E. coli, (16.1%; 22.2%) respectively, and for E. coli, (16.1%; 22.2%). coli, (16.1%; 22.2%) respectively on the other hand regular and irregular analysed surfaces for total coliforms (20%; 33.3) and E. coli (10.0%; 20.0%) Conclusion: The results showed the presence of total coliforms, an indication of contamination by pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli) due to the lack of hygiene in the establishment.