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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAdaptabilidad del hibrido de maíz P4021 con tres densidades de siembra en el cantón Oña, provincia del Azuay(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Ullauri Sandoval, Marco Esteban; Vázquez Vázquez, Jacinto Enrique; 010455117Corn stands out as the sole cereal suitable for human and animal consumption. Climate change-related alterations suggest the search for alternative animal feed. This research aimed to assess the effects of planting density on the agronomic performance of the P4021 corn hybrid in the Oña canton, Azuay province. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used, consisting of four treatments and four replicates, with a total of 16 experimental units of 12 m2 each across a 448 m2 area. Four planting densities —20, 40, 60, and 80 cm between plants, all at 60 cm between furrows— were tested, with two seeds dibbled per hole. The results revealed that planting density significantly impacts the agronomic performance of P4021 corn. Although no significant differences were observed on variables like height and leaf count, there were statistical differences in the variable weight per treatment (kg), highlighting the T1 treatment (40 cm between plants) with a mean of 27.6 kg. The cost analysis considers the T1 treatment as the optimal choice for planting this hybrid, compared to the control treatment (T4). In conclusion, planting density affects Hybrid P4021 cultivation, with 40 cm between plants yielding the best results in terms of profitability in the cost of production analysis, resulting in a 170% increase, making the T1 treatment ideal for corn silage.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAdministración de gnrh (gonadotropina) en la inseminación artificial a tiempo fijo sobre la tasa de preñez en vacas de la raza charolais en tres haciendas del cantón Huamboya - Morona Santiago(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Medicina Veterinaria, 2011) Montenegro Merchán, Edwin; Ochoa Hermida, Tito
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAdministración del extracto de valeriana ecuanatu para disminuir el estrés, en codornices de postura y mantener la producción en la parroquia Miraflores, cantón Cuenca(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Medicina Veterinaria, 2013) Pulla Quilli, Jessica Yolanda; Palomeque Tapia, Mónica
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAdministración intraósea de fluidos en animales domésticos cuando se imposibilita el acceso al sistema vascular(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Medicina Veterinaria, 2009) Uday Granda, Johnny Fabián; Escandón Serpa, Julio
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAislamiento y caractrización molecular de hongos (ecto y endo) micorrizicos asociados al cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en el bosque seco del sur del país(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Galarza Riera, Christian Andres; Salazar Orellana, Marjorie Jazmín; 0105846596This research aimed to evaluate the diversity of fungi in the rhizospheric soil of maize grown under different agricultural practices in the Pindal canton, Loja province, Ecuador. Soil and root samples were collected from two experimental sites under the three agricultural practices: planting, urea application, and burning. The samples were analyzed by molecular techniques to identify the presence of fungi. The results indicated that the rhizospheric soil of the two experimental sites showed a high fungi diversity. A total of seven fungal species were identified in the soil and 28 fungal species in the maize root. Metagenomic analysis of the soil revealed seven bacterial classes, 16 fungal families, and four species of mycorrhizal fungi. The functions of the fungi present in the root and soil were classified into 15 groups. The composition of the fungal community colonizing the rhizospheric soil varied according to agricultural practices. The rhizospheric soil of the dry forest had a higher diversity of fungi than the rhizospheric soil of the experimental sites with agricultural management. Finally, soil chemical and physical properties varied according to agricultural practices. The results demonstrate that the rhizospheric soil of the corn crop is a complex environment with a high diversity of fungi. Agricultural practices can affect the composition of the fungal community, colonizing the rhizospheric soil, which can impact on crop yield and quality. Keywords: microbial community, mycorrhizae, metagenomics, agricultural practices.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAlteraciones del comportamiento en caninos frente al confinamiento por covid-19.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Luna Rojas, Mirely Cecibel; Rubio Arias, Pablo Geovanni; 0604071902Canine behavior disorders are very common worldwide; however, in Ecuador it is still an undervalued issue by owners and veterinarians. The objective of this research was to determine the main behavioral alterations in canines due to the confinement effect in the Covid 19 pandemic. In which it includes environmental, physical and socio-behavioral characteristics; in addition to clinical manifestations, this through frequency ranges from 1 (lowest) - 5 (highest). 200 surveys were conducted with owners who entered the Pet Master, Guaf and Famaves veterinary clinics in the cities of Cuenca and Riobamba respectively. Among the results obtained, there is a greater correlation in tail-chasing behaviors, constant head movements, increased urination and destruction in the environment. Within these signs, it can be foreseen that it is an anxiety disorder, given that it is a pathological state that modifies the balance between the environment, man and objects, making them irritating; in turn, this state leads to easily develop aggressiveness in the pet. Among the treatments used by various researchers, the use of behavior modification programs and the use of drugs from the benzodiazepine group have been chosen, since the results of these have been promising. Keywords: Dogs, behavior, disorders, owners.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis bibliográfico sobre el uso de la saccharina rustica en la alimentación animal(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Castillo Crespo, Diana Marisol; Iñiguez Heredia, Franklin Alfredo; 0302715511The objective of the research carried out is to analyze the rustic Saccharina as food in the different species of animals in production, to supply the nutritional deficit or to couple it in new diets. Saccharina is a product obtained from the solid fermentation process of sugar cane, devoid of buds and leaves, supplemented with urea and minerals; where, it potentiates its nutritional composition. In monogastric and polygastric animals, energy competition is emphasized compared to dry grains, as is the case with the supply of 70% of Saccharina in rams, where there was a difference of only 5% of energy in corn and wheat. The possibility of replacing forages up to 60% in guinea pigs is also highlighted. Besides that it is a product that can be used in birds, as in the case of geese, which are not affected if it is included between 30% to 60%. In the same way, in ruminants, a better behavior of Saccharina and the production in dual-purpose and dairy cattle are emphasized. Among the restrictions that act against the quality of the product is the particle size, the thickness of the mattress and the fermentation time, which must be 0.5 cm, 5 cm and 48-36 hours respectively. Saccharina rustica boasts high levels of protein, energy and minerals; using it for animal consumption, in addition to replacing forages and concentrates in certain percentages; Likewise, it has been used to mix with feed and commercial balanced, giving good results at low costs.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis del efecto del extracto e la guacima (guazuma ulmifolia) en cepas certificadas de Salmonella Typhi(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Morocho Duy, Italo Adrian; Iñiguez Heredia, Italo Adrian; 0302126750This research was aimed to evaluate the effect of guácima (Guazúma ulmifolia) extract and oil on Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028 ® strains, the raw material was collected in the community of Centropatul, the guácima extract was obtained by maceration, using guácima leaves. The oil was extracted from the guácima seed extracted from the dried ripe fruit, dried 3 days, and crushed, whit the help of Soxhlet equipment we separated the essential oil from the solid part, From 30 g of the sample we obtained 0.5 ml, its yield was 2.26 ml, which were placed in blank sensitivity discs, in different concentrations, (T1) guácima extract at 5%, (T2) guácima extract at 25%, (T3) guácima extract at 50% (T4) guácima extract at 100%, (T5) 100% guácima seed essential oil, was prepared by dilutions from the main extract, for the elaboration of the antibiogram, before this, Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028 ® was cultivated on SS agar, the it was sown on Mueller Hinton agar, the antibiogram process; based on the studies conducted, we were able to determine that the average oil obtained was 0.83 ml in 6 extractions, however, Salmonella typhi ATCC 14028 ® did not show sensitivity to the treatments. Keywords: Oil, Extract, Guácima, Salmonella, Typhi.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis in vitro de la calidad del polen de diez ecotipos de chirimoyo (annona cherimola mill).(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2018) Minchala Buestán , Nube del Rocío; Orellana Maita , René; 0302537196Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill) has low production, originated by several factors, among them, low index of pollinating agents, frequent alternation of the floral cycles, the flowers present a closed structure, little noticeable to insects and a marked type of protogynous dichogamy. Exporting countries of this fruit, such as Spain, Chile, Peru and others, see the use of manual pollination as an alternative production, although in many cases this technique shows inefficient results in fruit set and fruit development, being necessary to investigate the possible existence of other factors that limit production, including the source and quality of the pollen used. In this study, the pollen quality of ten ecotypes of cherimoya existing in the ex-situ collection of the Austro Experimental Station of the National Autonomous Institute of Agricultural Research (INIAP), located in the canton Gualaceo, was determined in vitro. The pollen was carried to the Phytopathology Laboratory of the Agronomic Engineering Career of the Catholic University of Cuenca for evaluation. The culture medium used for pollen sowing contained 10% sucrose, 1% agar, 50 ppm boric acid and 625 mg / l calcium nitrate. The percentage of germination, length of the pollen tube at 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours in three phenological stages and the shape and size of the pollen grain were evaluated. The completely random design was used in factorial arrangement 10 ecotypes x 4 times x 3 phenological stages with four repetitions. For the statistical analysis, the variance analysis and Tukey's test 5% to mean separation were applied using the InfoStat software. In conclusion, the highest percentage of germination presented the Fino de Jete ecotype at 24 h, and the highest pollen tube length reached the Austro ecotype in the same period of time; in addition, the pollen must be collected in male phenological stage due to the greater pollen tube length. Key words: Annona cherimola, phenological stages, pollen germination, pollen growth tube.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAnálisis retrospectivo de los diferentes tipos de anemias en caninos (canis lupus familiaris) en la clínica veterinaria austrovet en el periodo 2022(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Morocho Nugra, Dario Omar; Aguilar Caivinagua, Andrés Santiago; 0106310865The objective of this retrospective analysis was to identify and classify the different types of anemias using the erythrocyte index (normocytic normochromic, microcytic hypochromic, macrocytic hypochromic, and macrocytic normochromic), marrow production, hemolytic and hemorrhagic anemias, in addition to determining their degree of severity. Consequently, 520 clinical records (hemogram) were analyzed from the Austrovet Veterinary Clinic in 2022. The ratio and frequency statistical method was used to interpret the results. An association between the independent variables (breed, age, and sex) and the dependent variables (types of anemia) was analyzed using the Chi-square statistical method, whose results determined that 202 cases (38.8%) presented anemia; males presented the highest number of cases with 62.9%, while females only represented 37.1% of the total anemias. In terms of marrow production, it was established that non-regenerative anemias had the highest prevalence, with 63.4% of the cases, unlike 36.6% of regenerative ones. Non-regenerative normocytic normochromic anemias were the most prevalent with 50.5%, while only 22.8% were regenerative, followed by non-regenerative hypochromic microcytic anemias with 10.9% of cases, while hypochromic macrocytic and normochromic macrocytic anemias occur with less than 5% of cases respectively. Most of these cases were mild anemia at 43.1%, moderate at 9.20%, severe at 14.40% and very severe at 13.4%.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAplicación de biol al café en producción en el Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Ingeniería Agronómica, 2009) Morales Culcay, Yahaira Alexandra; Crespo Verdugo, Guido
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAplicación de dos técnicas de estimulación hormonal para extracción espermática en atelopus nanay, atelopus bomolochos y ctenophryne aequatorialis(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Coronel Sarmiento, Helen Nicole; Zhumi Cajamarca, Jefferson Mauricio; Argudo Garzón, Daniel Ernesto; 0350191862; 0150765733Ecuador is recognized for its great diversity of amphibian species currently threatened worldwide. In this context, this study evaluated the feasibility of two hormonal techniques (GnRH and hCG) to improve sperm performance in three species: Atelopus nanay, Atelopus bomolochos, and Ctenophryne aequatorialis, in the Azuay province. The application of hormones is effective in stimulating sperm release in amphibians. Previous studies have obtained favorable results using GnRH and hCG in different species. The conservation of amphibians under human care has become crucial due to the decline of in situ populations. Currently, there is an amphibian conservation center of the Amaru Foundation in Cuenca, Ecuador. Sperm collection was conducted in three species of amphibians with hormone doses of 4 μg/g and five μg/g, respectively. The results show significant differences in sperm parameters between species and hormone treatments applied. It was demonstrated that the application of GnRH and hCG generated a high motility index between 3.5- and 5.5-hours post-application and a high sperm concentration between 2.5- and 3.5-hours post-application of the treatments in Atelopus nanay and Atelopus bomolochos. No relevant results were obtained for the species Ctenophryne aequatorialis.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAplicación de ozonoterapia en el tratamiento de heridas por castracción de porcinos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Medicina Veterinaria, 2011) Arcos Montesdeoca, Jhonatan Esteban; Cobos Chiriboga, Mauricio
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAprovechamiento proteico de la suplementación con Saccharomyces cerevisiae en cobayos (Cavia porcellus)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Mora Dumancela, Hugo Alexander; Iñiguez Heredia, Franklin Alfredo; 0106024904To improve the productive parameters of guinea pigs, the objective was to evaluate the protein utilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). The research began with the adaptation of the guinea pigs to the shed, dividing them into 3 treatments with 2 repetitions each; the groups consisted of 8 animals per cage, having a total of 72 experimental units, the present work had a duration of 8 weeks; Treatment 1 consisted of Ration 13% protein + Saccharomyces, Treatment 2 Ration 15% protein + Saccharomyces, Treatment 3 Ration 17% protein + Saccharomyces and T0 (Ration 13% protein; Ration 15% protein; Ration 17% protein) it should be noted that in each repetition another level of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae was used. For the statistical analysis, a completely randomized block design (CRBD) was used, blocked by house location based on the treatments. No statistical differences were observed between treatments; however, we present T3 as the best result in the final weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion with 915.38 g. 87.75 g. 515.12 g. and 5.95 g. respectively. Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, guinea pigs, productive index, probiotic
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoAromaterapia con aceite esencial de lavanda como medida de relajación en animales de compañía que asisten a consulta veterinaria.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2022) Segarra Zenteno , Mary Elisa; Rubio Arias , Pablo Giovanny; 0106568132It is fundamental not only to show the professionalism and ethics of a veterinarian but also to provide a correct clinical diagnosis. It is very common to come across patients who are stressed easily; this research aims to assess the effect of aromatherapy with Lavender oil (Lavandula spp) in contrast to Adaptil® as a relaxing treatment in pets that receive a consultation at the veterinary clinic of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Outcomes were evaluated using a randomized complete crossover block design, with ten dogs studied. Four appointments were made in time to determine if there was an immediate effect on the patients. Five groups were made with two individuals each, of which groups A, B, C, and E received aromatherapy using lavender. In contrast, group D or the control group received synthetic pheromones. Groups A and D received four complete sessions of aromatherapy when exposed to the scent in the consultation room and showed fewer signs of stress on both the third and fourth day as their cortisol levels remained within normal ranges. In other words, it showed that there were indeed positive results in the variable of days with a remarkable reduction of cortisol (P=0.0005) as well as behavioral changes (P=0.0098), indicating that the dogs linked the lavender scent with a feeling of calmness. Keywords: stress, pheromones, cortisol, Adaptil®, dogs.
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosAscárides (toxocara canis y toxascaris leonina)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Medicina Veterinaria, 2008) Mejía Matute, Marcelo; Intriago Bravo, Ramón
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoBiocicatrización del extracto de Jungia Rugosa less sobre heridas quirúrgicas en conejos(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Proaño Barreiro, Marco Joaquin; Castillo Hidalgo, Edy Paúl; 0104937016ABSTRACT Jungia rugosa, known as Human Meat, is a medicinal plant native to the Andes. It has been used ancestrally for the healing of wounds; its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and healing properties are related to its content of flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds. This study evaluated the healing effect of Jungia rugosa extract on postsurgical wounds using nine rabbits as biological models. Two semi-solid creams at 5% and 10% were prepared with its extract, which were compared with the traditional use of the plant. The non-invasive surgical procedure consisted of the creation of three 2cm surgical wounds in different anatomical areas (loin, right and left scapula). The rabbits were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: T1 (5%), T2 (10%), and T0 (Control), achieving complete wound healing eight days after the start of healing. Despite not observing statistically significant differences in the healing process between the traditional use of the plant and the cream, the healing obtained by the use of Jungia rugosa proved to equal and/or exceed the results obtained with other commercial products. It was determined that treatment T1 (5%) offers higher quality healing, indicating that the application of creams could be an effective alternative to take advantage of the medicinal properties of this plant. This choice is based on the limitation of being unable to preserve or store the macerates produced in the field, which could promote greater use of the plant in future research. Keywords Jungia Rugosa, Flavonoids, Polyphenolics, Biohealing, Oryctolagus cuniculus
- ÍtemSolo MetadatosBiodiversidad en el Ecuador(Universidad Católica de Cuenca. Ingeniería Agronómica, 2008) Ochoa Salamea, Juan Carlos; Iglesias Abad, Sergio
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoBiol a base de contenido ruminal y su eficiencia en el cultivo de brócoli (brassica oleracea).(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2024) Loja Ordoñez , José Miguel; González Rojas , Juan Carlos; 0105627129This research aimed to evaluate the effect of a biol produced from the ruminal content of the municipal slaughterhouse in Cañar on the growth and development of broccoli (Brassica oleracea). The experimental process was carried out in two stages: first, the production of the biol and the analysis of its physical and chemical characteristics; second, the assessment of the biol's impact on broccoli yield. To achieve this, an experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design, evaluating biol concentrations of 4% (T2), 8% (T3), and 12% (T4), a commercial bio-stimulant (T1), and a control group (T0). The response variables included plant height at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after transplanting (WFT), leaf area, and fresh weight of the broccoli heads. The results indicated that all doses of ruminal content-based boil at various concentrations and the commercial bio-stimulant increased the broccoli’s plant height and leaf area compared to the control group. The T3 treatment significantly increased the fresh weight of the heads at 8 and 12 weeks after transplanting. In conclusion, ruminal content-based biol has promising potential to enhance the growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica oleracea). For future research, it is recommended to complement such studies with a foliar analysis to understand the plant's ability to absorb nutrients available from both the soil and foliar applications. Keywords: Organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers, rumen content, beneficial microorganisms.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoBiol a base de suero de leche y su efecto en lechuga (Lactuca sativa)(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2021) Lema Paguay , Jaime Owaldo; Vásquez Vásquez , Jacinto Enrique; 0350152518Solid and liquid wastes from dairy industries cause contamination, whey is discarded into water tributaries and soils causing damage to various ecosystems, so the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of biol produced from whey and with the interaction of beneficial microorganisms, BMOs obtained from human flesh plant (Jungia rugosa), on the development of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa). A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with three treatments and four replicates, T1= control without application, T2= Biol 1, T3= Biol 2. Two types of biol were applied to the lettuce crop for evaluation. The results of the analysis of the biols show that they have desirable characteristics with a notorious difference in the pH value: Biol 1 is 5.00 and Biol 2 is 3.70. The productive characteristics of the lettuce plants were studied through the analysis of variance and the Tukey significance test at 5% of the InfoStat program, the T2 treatment (Biol 1 buttermilk) presented higher values of weight and plant diameters with averages of 429.79 g and 45.50 cm respectively, followed by T3 (Biol 2 Gordon 2013) and in third place the T1 (Control) with the lowest values. It is concluded that the two biols have a positive effect on the development of lettuce plants. Keyword: Contamination, biol, whey, beneficial microorganisms, lactuca sativa