Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Medicina
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Examinando Trabajos de Titulación - Sede Azogues - Medicina por Asesores "Barzallo Ochoa, Tania Pamela"
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- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoActualización científica obstrucción de la vía aérea por cuerpo extraño - OVACE. Revisión Sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Urgilés Rodríguez, Rafael Leonardo; Barzallo Ochoa, Tania Pamela; 0302617121; ., .Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO) is a pediatric emergency characterized by the accidental penetration of an organic or inorganic object into the tracheobronchial tree, which can cause dyspnea, severe hypoxia, cardiorespiratory arrest, and death. Objective: To provide a scientific update on FB airway obstruction through a systematic review with high statistical power. Method: An exhaustive exploration of the plasma systematic review was performed, which is a descriptive, explanatory, and longitudinal research, based on the PRISMA statement, to identify several academic articles of scientific importance. Results: It is a childhood emergency, mainly in boys, with a percentage of 61.97, and 69.02% in children under five. The focused therapeutic management was the use of Magill clamp or intubation (74.64%-53 cases), bronchoscopy (14.1%-10 cases), laparoscopic surgery (1.41%-1 cases), and expectant management (9.85%-7 cases). These figures come from 71 cases that capture 100% of pediatric patients with FBAO who attended this center between 2017 and 2021. Conclusion: Aspiration of foreign bodies has been cataloged as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in pediatric patients. Among the most common foreign bodies in bronchoaspiration, are fruits, grains, candy, meat, and bones. In terms of diagnosis, the first choice is a chest X-ray to determine the type and location of the foreign body, and based on this, the appropriate treatment is determined.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoActualización clínica del manejo de Taquipnea Transitoria en el recién nacido. Revisión sistemática(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Vázquez Lituma, Sofía Belén; Barzallo Ochoa, Tania Pamela; 0106466972Introduction: Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN) results from the neonate's inability to reabsorb fetal lung fluid after birth. It is multifactorial, with an incidence of approximately 3.6-5.7 per 1000 term neonates, being self-limiting and benign. Objective: To conduct a systematic review to outline the clinical update on managing transient tachypnea of the newborn, employing scientifically significant articles. Methodology: A systematic review with a descriptive, observational, and explanatory approach was conducted based on the PRISMA 2020 method, using information published in the last five years. Results: Seventy-five articles were obtained from the database, 43 were excluded, and 31 met the inclusion criteria., eight of them were used in the discussion, indicating that TTN is a self-limiting condition with a worldwide incidence ranging from 4.0 to 5.7 per 1000-term newborns. At the same time, this condition presents multiple risk factors, such as infants of diabetic mothers, cesarean delivery, and perinatal asphyxia, among others. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, but imaging studies like pulmonary ultrasound can also be used. Treatment in neonates mainly consists of oxygen therapy, although medications such as salbutamol have been investigated, showing improvement in symptoms and reduced oxygen therapy usage, advanced life support, and hospital stay, leading to early and appropriate feeding initiation, likewise, it is not evidenced whether the early fluid restriction in neonates is safe for treating transient tachypnea in the newborn.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoRelación entre la enfermedad de Kawasaki y la de Covid-19 en niños(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Guamán Vásquez, Lisseth Gabriela; Barzallo Ochoa, Tania Pamela; 0302916697; ., .Introduction: In December 2019, in Wuhan-China, a new pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus originated. Unlike adults, this disease is milder in most children; however, some kids often become complicated and develop the so-called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C), which has features that overlap with Kawasaki Disease (KD). Objective: To gather information on the relationship between Kawasaki disease and COVID-19 in children. Methodology: A systematic review was performed, including studies in English and Spanish available in Lilacs, PubMed, Science Direct, Nature Publishing Group, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Results: KD has a statistically significant relationship with COVID-19 and more frequently children aged 2.5 to 3 years of the male gender; its early diagnosis and treatment with immunoglobulins and acetylsalicylic acid help prevent coronary artery anomalies. COVID-19 is more common in adolescents, its treatment is symptomatic, and the most frequent complication is MIS-C. MIS-C differs from KD because it affects older children and has greater gastrointestinal and respiratory involvement. Myocarditis is the most frequent complication, and using corticosteroids, antibiotics, vasoactive agents, heparins, and other specific treatments provides better results. Conclusion: KD and MIS-C share similar clinical features and are closely related to COVID-19 due to a post-SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.