Psicología Clínica
URI permanente para esta comunidad
Examinar
Examinando Psicología Clínica por Asesores "Arévalo Proaño, Claudia C."
Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoDeterioro cognitivo frente al envejecimiento saludable en adultos mayores jubilados.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Benítez Pesantez, Genaro X.; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia C.; 0104422910Implementing or introducing preventive strategies, such as the healthy aging plan, enables to increase the style, mode, and quality of life for a longer time, thus avoiding not only the detrimental effects on the cognition of older adults but also various chronic pathologies that aggravate their performance. Highlighting that, worldwide, the increase in life expectancy is an issue that is currently considered due to the existence of risk factors that directly affect the well-being of older adults, such as age linked to the lack of physical and mental activities or the presence of diseases, which increase the risk of developing cognitive impairment. Retirement is also considered a crucial stage of change and biopsychosocial adaptation of individuals in their living conditions. Objective: To determine cognitive impairment versus healthy aging in retired older adults. Methodology: Documentary review and bibliographic research with a qualitative methodological approach of descriptive scope. Results: The implementation of a healthy aging plan in retired older adults and even at younger ages was corroborated by the remarkable benefit against cognitive impairment. Conclusion: It highlighted the importance of conducting further studies focused on the healthy aging plan as part of treatment and prevention against mild cognitive impairment, which is becoming increasingly prevalent due to increased life expectancy and the growing number of older adults.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoEfectos neuropsicológicos del síndrome Wernicke Korsakoff en pacientes alcohólicos.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Campoverde Tenemea, Samantha P.; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia C.; 0107557233Introduction: Wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome is an encephalopathy caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. It is commonly associated with prolonged and excessive alcohol consumption, leading to delayed identification, diagnosis, and intervention. Objective: To analyze the neuropsychological effects of Wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome in alcoholic patients. Methodology: The study design was a bibliographic review with a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope. It was conducted through a bibliographic record with content about the study variables. Results: Different neuropsychological alterations were found in the pathology of Wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome, including anterograde and retrograde amnesia, executive dysfunction, and personality changes. Excessive alcohol consumption is linked to memory loss, personality changes, self-control problems, and emotional changes, such as apathy. Conclusions: Wernicke Korsakoff Syndrome arises from several pathologies, including nutritional problems, vitamin absorption deficiency due to an unbalanced diet, and, most commonly, excessive alcohol intake. This combination of pathologies mentioned above alters several brain structures, for instance, the diencephalon, thalamus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum, resulting in multiple difficulties at the cognitive level, like amnesias, behavioral changes, and self-control failure. This issues have implications in individual, family, social, and occupational contexts.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoLa musicoterapia en pacientes con demencia de tipo Alzheimer(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Rumipulla Vazquéz, Edwin A.; Tibanquiza Castro, Justin E.; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia C.; 0105748123; 0107264137Introduction: Dementias today is a public health problem. This literature review article is focused on dementia of Alzheimer's type and how remarkable contributions have been obtained through the application of music therapy. The objective was to analyze music therapy as a complementary measure in patients with Alzheimer's dementia. The design proposed for this research was a literature review with a qualitative approach and descriptive scope. Relevant results indicate that music therapy has been a complementary treatment that has provided excellent results for patients with Alzheimer's disease. Also, being a non-pharmacological and non-invasive treatment, it is easily accessible to most of the population with this pathology. On the other hand, music benefits the Limbic System because it generates emotions that can stimulate cognitive functions such as short- and long-term memory and language. Finally, through neuroimaging tests, the beneficial effects of music on these patients have been proved, enabling additional improvements in behavioral disorders. In conclusion, music therapy has excellent results for Alzheimer’s patients; therefore, based on the excellent results obtained in research conducted in Europe and Asia, it is necessary to increase its implementation in the Ecuadorian territory.
- ÍtemAcceso AbiertoPerfil neuropsicológico del agresor sexual en hombres mayores de edad.(Universidad Católica de Cuenca., 2023) Benítez Paccha, Carlos G.; Calle Torres, John F.; Arévalo Proaño, Claudia C.; 1104124712; 010651511Introduction: Sexual aggression is the third most common cause of incarceration in adult men, representing a significant social issue. Defining sexual aggression raises questions about the aggressors and the act itself, which involves attempting or engaging in sexual relations without the explicit consent of the other person. Objective: To characterize the neuropsychological profile of sexual aggressors in adult men. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive bibliographic review was conducted through a bibliographic file with content pertaining to the study variables. The database of the Catholic University of Cuenca was utilized to access scientific articles. Results: Neurotransmitters like Dopamine, GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid), and Noradrenaline play crucial roles in sexual aggression due to their excitatory or inhibitory functions within the central nervous system, which can lead to aggressive behavior. Additionally, the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus are implicated in aggressive behavior. The neuropsychological profile shows deficits in executive functions, including working memory, attention, and visual-spatial capacity. There are also shortcomings in emotion control and interpersonal relationships. Finally, specific personality traits—dependent, antisocial, borderline, and avoidant—correlate with the neuropsychological profiles of sexual offenders. Conclusion: Sexual offenders tend to be middle-aged males with below-average IQs, often facing childhood issues, brain lesions, and executive cognitive function deficits.